The Evaluation of IL-4 Intron 3 VNTR and TNF-α (rs1799964) Gene Polymorphisms in Egyptian Patients with Alopecia Areata: A Case-Control Study

December 2023 in “ Research Square (Research Square) ”

Maged Mostafa, M. Abdel‐Salam, Marwa Zohdy

Alopecia Areata IL-4 intron 3 VNTR TNF-α gene polymorphisms PCR PCR-RFLP AA tumor necrosis factor alpha polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism

Studysummary This study found that IL-4 VNTR intron 3 and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms do not have a significant association with alopecia areata susceptibility in the Egyptian population.

Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

This case-control study investigated the potential association between IL-4 intron 3 VNTR and TNF-α (rs1799964) gene polymorphisms and Alopecia Areata (AA) in 79 Egyptian patients and 156 healthy controls. Using PCR and PCR-RFLP techniques, the study found no statistically significant differences in the polymorphisms between patients and controls, nor any correlation with clinical and demographic data. The results suggest that these specific gene polymorphisms are not linked to AA susceptibility in the Egyptian population.

View this study on researchsquare.com →

Discuss this study in the Community →

Research cited in this study

14 / 14 results

research Alopecia Areata: A Review on Diagnosis, Immunological Etiopathogenesis, and Treatment Options

56 citations , January 2021 in “Clinical and Experimental Medicine”

This review highlights the challenges in treating alopecia areata, noting that current therapies often lead to relapse and have uncertain long-term effectiveness; it also points to potential future treatments such as JAK-STAT inhibitors and PRP.

research Immunology of Alopecia Areata

23 citations , November 2020 in “Central-European Journal of Immunology/Central European Journal of Immunology”

This review explores the autoimmune hypothesis of alopecia areata and the possible genetic and melanogenesis-associated autoantigens, but reports no new clinical findings.

research Nutrition and Skin: Children Are Not Just Little Adults

18 citations , July 2016 in “Clinics in dermatology”

This article discusses the interplay of skin, immunity, and nutrition, highlighting dietary and probiotic options for managing skin conditions, but reports no new clinical findings.

research Functional Interpretation of Genome-Wide Association Study Evidence in Alopecia Areata

55 citations , October 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Alopecia areata is linked to immune-related genes, suggesting JAK inhibitors as a potential treatment.

research Organ Specificity in Autoimmune Diseases: Thyroid and Islet Autoimmunity in Alopecia Areata

32 citations , March 2015 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

In this study, alopecia areata was associated with thyroid autoimmunity but not islet autoimmunity, correlating with specific class II HLA haplotypes linked to various autoimmune diseases.

research The Genetics Of Alopecia Areata: New Approaches, New Findings, New Treatments

62 citations , January 2015 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

This review summarizes the current genetic research on alopecia areata, including potential new therapeutic strategies, but reports no new clinical findings.

research The Association Between Interleukin-4 Gene Intron 3 VNTR Polymorphism and Alopecia Areata in Turkish Population

42 citations , July 2013 in “Gene”

This study found that intron 3 VNTR polymorphism in the IL-4 gene may be associated with an increased risk of alopecia areata in the Turkish population.

research Recent Advances in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hair Loss Disease Alopecia Areata

106 citations , January 2013 in “Clinical and Developmental Immunology”

This review discusses the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, highlighting the role of immune privilege collapse in hair follicles but reports no clinical results.

research Alopecia Areata: An Autoimmune Disease Causing Hair Loss

421 citations , April 2012 in “The New England Journal of Medicine”

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss with no cure and treatments that often don't work well.

research Genome-Wide Association Study in Alopecia Areata Implicates Both Innate and Adaptive Immunity

717 citations , June 2010 in “Nature”

This study identified key genetic regions associated with alopecia areata, highlighting both acquired and innate immune involvement, with a novel link to the upregulation of ULBP ligands in autoimmune disease.

research Alopecia Areata Update

391 citations , January 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This article reviews the clinical presentation and histopathologic features of alopecia areata and proposes a hypothesis for its development, but it reports no new clinical results.

research Maintenance of Hair Follicle Immune Privilege Is Linked to Prevention of NK Cell Attack

253 citations , December 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study suggests that human hair follicles may actively suppress natural killer cells, which contrasts with the observed defects in NK cell regulation in alopecia areata.

research Pernicious Anemia Associated with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Alopecia Areata

12 citations , June 2006 in “Pediatric blood & cancer”

This case report describes a 16-year-old male with pernicious anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and alopecia areata, highlighting the delayed diagnosis of the hemolytic anemia when cobalamin therapy failed to improve anemia symptoms.

research Histopathology of Non-Scarring Alopecia

122 citations , April 1995 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology”

The document describes how to tell different types of non-scarring hair loss apart by looking at hair and scalp tissue under a microscope.