Secretome of Hypoxic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia in Rats via Immunoregulatory Modulation of IL-15 and IFN-γ

The study investigates the effects of a topical gel containing the secretome of hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on fluconazole-induced alopecia in 24 male Wistar rats. The secretome, derived from rat umbilical cord MSCs cultured under hypoxia, was formulated into a gel and applied to the rats. The research found that the gel significantly reduced the expression of IL-15 and IFN-γ mRNA and decreased baldness by up to 60%. The most effective formulation contained 20% hMSC secretome, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for alopecia by modulating immune responses.