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    Did you mean HLA-DR?
    Glossary HLA-DR

    protein on immune cells presenting antigens to trigger responses

    HLA-DR is a part of the human immune system, specifically a protein found on the surface of certain cells that helps the body distinguish between its own cells and foreign invaders. It plays a crucial role in the immune response by presenting pieces of proteins (antigens) to immune cells, which can then trigger an immune reaction. This protein is also involved in autoimmune conditions, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.

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      The Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata

      research THE PATHOGENESIS OF ALOPECIA AREATA

      89 citations , October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics”
      This review discusses androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata through a systems biology lens, emphasizing the role of multi-omics data integration to explore molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies, but offers no new clinical results.
      Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease: A Narrative Review

      research Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease: A Narrative Review

      9 citations , April 2024 in “Cureus”
      This study outlines the features and diagnosis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, highlighting its association with specific genes, its prevalence among pigmented races, and treatment with systemic steroids and immunosuppressants.
      Summaries of Papers on Dermatological Conditions Conducted in 2008

      research SUMMARIES OF PAPERS

      June 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology”
      Herpes gestationis is linked to certain antigens, atopic eczema affects T cell populations and may be eased by breastfeeding, higher doses of anti-androgen treatment can improve androgenic alopecia, topical minoxidil increases hair thickness, long-term methotrexate therapy can cause liver fibrosis in psoriasis patients, and Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus patients aren't at higher risk for autoimmune disorders.
      Adrenal 21-Hydroxylase Gene Mutations in Slovenian Hyperandrogenic Women: Evaluation of Corticotrophin Stimulation and HLA Polymorphisms in Screening for Carrier Status

      research Adrenal 21-hydroxylase gene mutations in Slovenian hyperandrogenic women: evaluation of corticotrophin stimulation and HLA polymorphisms in screening for carrier status

      19 citations , August 1999 in “European journal of endocrinology”
      This study concluded that neither basal nor ACTH-stimulated 17-OHP concentrations effectively indicate carrier status for 21-hydroxylase deficiency among Slovenian hyperandrogenic women, recommending molecular analysis of the CYP21 gene for reliable screening.
      Epidemiology of Vitiligo, Associated Autoimmune Diseases, and Audiological Abnormalities: Ankara Study of 80 Patients in Turkey

      research Epidemiology of vitiligo, associated autoimmune diseases and audiological abnormalities: Ankara study of 80 patients in Turkey

      88 citations , February 2010 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”
      This study reported that vitiligo patients in Turkey had a high prevalence of associated autoimmune diseases and auditory problems, suggesting vitiligo may be part of a systemic autoimmune process.
      Alopecia Areata Update

      research Alopecia areata update

      49 citations , April 2000 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”
      This article discusses the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, histopathology, and treatment of alopecia areata but reports no new clinical findings; it emphasizes the palliative nature of current treatments.
      Alopecia Areata: Pathogenesis, Genetic Factors, and Treatments Using Mouse Models

      research Alopecia Areata

      24 citations , January 2008 in “KARGER eBooks”
      This review discusses recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune alopecia areata and reports no new clinical results; it highlights potential for developing more effective treatments.
      The Etiology and Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata

      research The aetiology and pathogenesis of alopecia areata

      17 citations , July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”
      This article reviews the genetic and potential environmental factors in alopecia areata's pathogenesis and suggests a polygenic model but reports no new clinical findings.
      Healthy Individuals Genetically At-Risk for the Development of Pemphigus Vulgaris or Alopecia Areata Share Disease-Like Cytokine Dysregulation

      research Healthy individuals genetically at-risk for the development of Pemphigus vulgaris or Alopecia areata share disease-like cytokine dysregulation

      1 citations , January 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology”
      In this study, researchers found that cytokine dysregulation linked to genetic background is present in both patients and healthy but genetically related individuals in two autoimmune skin diseases, Pemphigus vulgaris and Alopecia areata, suggesting that protective immune mechanisms may prevent disease manifestation in predisposed individuals.
      Alopecia Areata: Clinical Review and Treatment Approaches

      research Alopecia Areata

      50 citations , March 2000 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”
      This article discusses the etiology, clinical features, and treatment of alopecia areata but presents no new clinical findings, underlining the palliative nature of current therapies.

      research Alopecia areata

      1 citations , August 2005 in “Springer eBooks”
      Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease with genetic links, treatable with certain medications, and can affect mental health.
      Ulcerative Colitis and Total Alopecia in a Mother and Her Son

      research Ulcerative colitis and total alopecia in a mother and her son

      23 citations , April 1993 in “Gastroenterology”
      This study reported a case where cyclosporine treatment in a child led to remission of ulcerative colitis and regrowth of scalp and body hair, suggesting a possible connection between the disorders.

      research Vaccines, adjuvants and autoimmunity

      248 citations , August 2015 in “Pharmacological Research”
      This review discusses case reports of autoimmune diseases following vaccination and the challenges of establishing a clear epidemiological connection, urging further investigation into vaccine-induced autoimmunity.
      Alopecia Areata: Gene Expression in Skin Samples from Patients

      research Alopecia areata

      23 citations , March 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology”
      This study found that 363 genes were differentially expressed in alopecia areata skin compared to non-lesional skin, suggesting T-cell mediated immune responses and distinct gene profiles related to the disease's stage.
      Lupus Nephritis: Current Classification and Management

      research Nefritis Lupus: Klasifikasi dan Tata Laksana Terkini

      May 2025 in “Cermin Dunia Kedokteran”
      This study highlights that early detection and tailored treatment based on kidney biopsy classification are crucial in managing lupus nephritis to prevent progression to end-stage kidney disease, with a focus on saving nephron cells.
      Alopecia Areata: Medical Treatments

      research Alopecia areata: medical treatments

      3 citations , January 2015 in “Nasza Dermatologia Online”
      This review discusses the pathomechanism and pathology of alopecia areata, its classifications, and associated diseases, but reports no new clinical results, highlighting the importance for current and future treatment considerations.
      Vitiligo: A Comprehensive Overview

      research Vitiligo: A comprehensive overview

      532 citations , August 2011 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”
      This article discusses the clinical presentation, histopathologic findings, and pathogenesis hypotheses of vitiligo without reporting new clinical results.
      Optimal Management of Hair Loss (Alopecia) in Children

      research Optimal Management of Hair Loss (Alopecia) in Children

      49 citations , January 2003 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”
      This review discusses various pediatric hair loss conditions and treatments, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach and noting that no single treatment is universally effective.
      Pregnancy and Skin: Changes and Dermatoses

      research Pregnancy and Skin

      26 citations , June 2012 in “The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India”
      This review discusses various skin changes during pregnancy, noting that while most are benign and resolve after childbirth, some may require careful medical management for the safety of the mother and fetus; it reports no new results.
      Thyroid Diseases and Skin Autoimmunity

      research Thyroid diseases and skin autoimmunity

      24 citations , June 2018 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders”
      This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis of autoimmune skin diseases and their associations with thyroid diseases, reporting no new clinical results.
      Physiological Changes and Dermatoses of Pregnancy

      research Physiologic changes and dermatoses of pregnancy

      24 citations , June 2011 in “International Journal of Dermatology”
      This review summarizes physiologic skin changes during pregnancy and specific pregnancy-related dermatoses but reports no new clinical results.
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