Alopecia Areata: Medical Treatments

January 2015 in “ Nasza Dermatologia Online ”

Zonunsanga Zonunsanga

alopecia areata T cells corticosteroids topical irritants minoxidil cytotoxic drugs biologicals JAK inhibitors tofacitinib intralesional steroid injections interleukin injections lymphocyte reactions immunosuppressants methotrexate Rogaine

TLDR Some treatments for autoimmune hair loss work, but JAK inhibitors like tofacitinib are promising for regrowth.

The 2015 document reviews medical treatments for alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune hair loss condition, discussing the role of T cells in its pathogenesis and various treatment options. Treatments include corticosteroids, topical irritants, minoxidil, cytotoxic drugs, biologicals, and new therapies like JAK inhibitors. The document notes that while conventional therapies like intralesional steroid injections remain effective, the efficacy of biological treatments has generally been unsatisfactory. However, the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib shows promise with hair regrowth observed in a mouse model. Other potential future treatments involve interleukin injections and targeting lymphocyte reactions. The review also mentions the importance of considering side effects when using immunosuppressants like methotrexate for extensive AA cases.

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