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GlossaryHLA Class I

proteins on cell surfaces presenting peptides to immune T cells

HLA Class I, also known as Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I, refers to a group of proteins found on the surface of almost all cells in the body. These proteins play a crucial role in the immune system by presenting fragments of proteins (peptides) from inside the cell to T cells, which helps the immune system recognize and respond to infected or abnormal cells, such as those infected by viruses or transformed into cancer cells.

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Study of Human Leukocyte Antigen ( HLA ) in 13 cases of familial frontal fibrosing alopecia: CYP 21A2 gene p.V281L mutation from congenital adrenal hyperplasia linked to HLA class I haplotype HLA ‐ A*33:01 ; B*14:02; C*08:02 as a genetic marker

research Study of Human Leukocyte Antigen ( HLA ) in 13 cases of familial frontal fibrosing alopecia: CYP 21A2 gene p.V281L mutation from congenital adrenal hyperplasia linked to HLA class I haplotype HLA ‐ A33:01 ; B14:02; C*08:02 as a genetic marker

7 citations , January 2019 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology”

A genetic marker linked to a type of hair loss was found in most patients studied.

research Cell Surface B2m-Free Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Monomers and Dimers: Are They Neo-HLA Class and Proto-HLA?

3 citations , July 2023 in “Biomolecules”

B2m-free HLA variants may be a new class of HLA important in immune responses and diseases.

research Linking allergy to mercury to HLA and burning mouth syndrome

6 citations , August 2007 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

Mercury allergy linked to specific genes may contribute to burning mouth syndrome, and silicon might play a role in maintaining healthy hair.

research Somatostatin Expression in Human Hair Follicles and Its Potential Role in Immune Privilege

27 citations , July 2013 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Somatostatin may help protect hair follicles from immune attacks.

research Alopecia areata update

391 citations , February 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Half of people with Alopecia Areata may see hair regrowth within a year without treatment, but recovery is unpredictable.

research Alopecia Areata

50 citations , March 2000 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology”

Alopecia Areata has no guaranteed treatment for hair regrowth, but options like corticosteroids and minoxidil are used, with future research focusing on genetic and immune therapies.

research Alopecia areata update

49 citations , April 2000 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Despite progress in treatment, the exact cause of Alopecia areata is still unknown.

research Alopecia Areata

24 citations , January 2008 in “KARGER eBooks”

The document concludes that ongoing research using animal models is crucial for better understanding and treating Alopecia Areata.

research The aetiology and pathogenesis of alopecia areata

17 citations , July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

The cause of alopecia areata is likely a mix of genetics, immune system issues, and environmental factors, with more research needed to understand it fully.

research Genetics of Alopecia

April 2012 in “Encyclopedia of Life Sciences”

Different genes are linked to various types of hair loss.

Genotyping of the rs1800440 Polymorphism in CYP1B1 Gene and the rs9258883 Polymorphism in HLA-B Gene in a Spanish Cohort of 223 Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia

research Genotyping of the rs1800440 Polymorphism in CYP1B1 Gene and the rs9258883 Polymorphism in HLA-B Gene in a Spanish Cohort of 223 Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia

1 citations , September 2023 in “Acta dermato-venereologica”

Certain genetic variants are linked to frontal fibrosing alopecia in Spanish patients.

research Epigallocatechin-3 Gallate Inhibits STAT-1/JAK2/IRF-1/HLA-DR/HLA-B and Reduces CD8 MKG2D Lymphocytes of Alopecia Areata Patients

15 citations , December 2018 in “International journal of environmental research and public health/International journal of environmental research and public health”

EGCG may help treat alopecia areata by blocking certain immune responses and reducing specific harmful immune cells.

research Alopecia areata after HLA-identical BMT from an affected, sibling donor

4 citations , January 2014 in “Bone marrow transplantation”

Alopecia areata can be transferred through stem cell transplants from affected siblings.

research Immune privilege and alopecia areata

4 citations , April 2010 in “Expert review of dermatology”

Restoring immune privilege in hair follicles could help treat certain types of hair loss.

Human FOXN1-Deficiency Is Associated with αβ Double-Negative and FoxP3+ T-Cell Expansions That Are Distinctly Modulated upon Thymic Transplantation

research Human FOXN1-Deficiency Is Associated with αβ Double-Negative and FoxP3+ T-Cell Expansions That Are Distinctly Modulated upon Thymic Transplantation

32 citations , May 2012 in “PloS one”

Thymic transplantation normalized some T-cells but not others, maintaining immune function.

research Alopecia Areata: Clinical Perspective and an Insight into Pathogenesis

15 citations , April 2003 in “Journal of dermatology”

Alopecia areata causes hair loss due to an immune attack on hair follicles, influenced by genetics and environment.

research Genome-Wide Association Study of Alopecia Areata in Taiwan: The Conflict Between Individuals and Hair Follicles

1 citations , September 2023 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology”

Certain genetic variants linked to immune response increase the risk of alopecia areata in Taiwanese people.

research Identification of drug-specific public TCR driving severe cutaneous adverse reactions

88 citations , August 2019 in “Nature communications”

Researchers found a specific immune receptor in patients that causes severe skin reactions to a drug.

research Ulcerative colitis and total alopecia in a mother and her son

23 citations , April 1993 in “Gastroenterology”

A mother and son both had ulcerative colitis and alopecia, suggesting a genetic link in autoimmune disorders and successful treatment with cyclosporine.

research THE PATHOGENESIS OF ALOPECIA AREATA

89 citations , October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

Alopecia areata is likely caused by a combination of genetic factors and immune system dysfunction, and may represent different diseases with various causes.

research Epidemiology of vitiligo, associated autoimmune diseases and audiological abnormalities: Ankara study of 80 patients in Turkey

88 citations , September 2010 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

Vitiligo is linked to autoimmune diseases and hearing issues, so hearing tests are recommended for patients.

research Alopecia Areata

1 citations , January 2017 in “Springer eBooks”

Understanding the immune-related causes of Alopecia Areata has led to potential treatments like JAK inhibitors.

research Familial aggregation of alopecia areata

295 citations , April 2006 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Alopecia areata, a common autoimmune hair loss condition, often runs in families.

research Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus

January 2017 in “Springer eBooks”

The document concludes that Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus has different forms, is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and can be treated with various medications, but more targeted therapies are needed.

research Alopecia areata

1 citations , August 2005 in “Springer eBooks”

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease with genetic links, treatable with certain medications, and can affect mental health.

research Genetic Basis of Alopecia Areata

40 citations , January 2013 in “Dermatologic clinics”

More research is needed to understand the genetic causes of Alopecia areata to develop better treatments.

research Clinical and Genetic Aspects of Alopecia Areata: A Cutting Edge Review

1 citations , June 2023 in “Genes”

Hair loss from Alopecia Areata is caused by both genes and environment, with several treatments available but challenges in cost and relapse remain.

research The genetics of alopecia areata

16 citations , December 2001 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

Alopecia areata has a complex genetic basis that was not fully understood as of 2001.

research Retinoids Putting the “A” in Alopecia

7 citations , February 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Vitamin A may influence hair loss conditions like alopecia, but more research is needed to understand how.

research Transient Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Alopecia Areata Universalis

39 citations , April 2016 in “Case Reports in Dermatology”

Tofacitinib temporarily regrew hair in a man with alopecia, but its effects didn't last.