September 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” In this study, researchers found that Ectoin, derived from halophilic bacteria, can mitigate stress-related skin damage by reducing cortisone's inhibitory effects on essential skin proteins and decreasing UVB-induced glucocorticoid activity, highlighting its potential as a preventative agent for stress-induced skin issues.
3 citations
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April 2021 in “Biomolecules & Therapeutics” In a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, this study found that enhancing ETV2 expression improved angiogenesis and hair regrowth following 5-fluorouracil treatment.
10 citations
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September 2021 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” This review explores the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles in treating various skin conditions but reports no new clinical study results.
April 2026 in “Molecules” This study suggests that extracellular vesicles derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae may enhance hair follicle-related cellular processes, highlighting their potential for biomedical and cosmetic applications.
16 citations
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March 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This review analyzed 12 clinical studies on extracellular vesicle therapies, finding potential benefits for skin aging, acne scars, alopecia, and wound healing, but highlighted significant challenges like production standardization and lack of large-scale studies.
2 citations
,
August 2013 in “The Lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology” This report discusses the FDA's third denial of approval for Aveed, a long-acting testosterone injection by Endo Pharmaceuticals, citing continued safety concerns including severe side effects.
February 2026 in “Biomaterials” BOOST is a promising, easy-to-use treatment for diabetic foot ulcers that improves healing by reducing inflammation and promoting blood vessel growth.
41 citations
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November 2024 in “Molecular Biomedicine” This review discusses the mechanisms and engineering techniques for enhancing the targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles in therapies but reports no new clinical findings; the authors encourage further exploration to advance clinical applications.
May 1963 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” This study found that a single 2 ml injection of TEEV every 4 weeks offers similar beneficial effects with fewer side effects compared to injecting the same dose every 2 weeks in postmenopausal women.
This report discusses the FDA's rejection of Aveed, a long-acting testosterone injection, due to safety concerns despite divided advisory committee opinions, without presenting new clinical data.
9 citations
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August 2025 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” This review discusses the role of extracellular vesicles in bone regeneration and their potential as therapeutics, highlighting challenges like standardization and safety for clinical application, but it reports no new clinical results.
February 2026 in “Preprints.org” In this study, extracellular vesicles from Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrated multifunctional bioactivity, enhancing cell proliferation and migration, reducing inflammation, and promoting collagen gene expression in hair follicle–related cells.
May 2025 in “Journal of Extracellular Vesicles” This study found that extracellular vesicles from erythrocytes may promote hair regeneration in patients with androgenic alopecia by transferring components that upregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and are involved in the formation of the skin's outer barrier.
45 citations
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July 2025 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” This article discusses the development and clinical progress of PROTAC technology, particularly focusing on the New Drug Application for vepdegestrant, an estrogen receptor-targeting PROTAC, marking significant advancements in targeted protein degradation therapies.
17 citations
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January 2025 in “Journal of Nanobiotechnology” This review discusses the potential of bacterial extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine, highlighting their advantages in addressing current EV challenges, and provides strategies for optimizing their preparation; it reports no new clinical results.
4 citations
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December 2022 in “Cells” This study found that fibroblast-engineered nanovesicles significantly enhanced proliferation and migration of dermal papilla cells and increased hair follicle shaft size in ex vivo organ cultures, suggesting potential as a treatment for alopecia.
3 citations
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September 2025 in “Cosmetics” This review examines the potential and challenges of extracellular vesicles in cosmetics, noting their transformative impact despite regulatory and production hurdles; it reports no new experimental results.
14 citations
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November 2021 in “Nanoscale” This study's simulations revealed the complex "onion-like" organization of a lipid nanoemulsion droplet containing vitamins A and E for skin delivery, showing distinct concentration patterns of these vitamins within different layers of the nanodroplet.
December 2024 in “Cell Communication and Signaling” This study found that subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (AT-EVs) protect skin from photodamage by enhancing fibroblast proliferation and reducing oxidative stress compared to those from adipose-derived stem cells.
88 citations
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May 2024 in “Journal of Extracellular Vesicles” This scoping review found that while some small human pilot trials of extracellular vesicles as therapeutics showed promising outcomes, variability in study design and lack of placebo controls limit definitive conclusions about their safety and efficacy.
9 citations
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May 2025 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” This review discusses how extracellular vesicles play a dual role in age-related diseases by contributing to both disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies through the transfer of specific molecules.
14 citations
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July 2022 in “Applied Sciences” This review discusses the potential of extracellular vesicles as cell-free tools in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, noting their emerging role in promoting tissue repair without the risk of host rejection.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that arginine vasotocin is evolutionarily conserved across diverse taxa and may play roles in neuroendocrine, immune, and stress signaling, with potential antimicrobial applications.
3 citations
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January 2000 in “Current Medical Research and Opinion” This research reported that eflornithine HCl 13.9% cream generally has a favorable dermal safety profile for managing unwanted facial hair in women, though it can cause mild irritation under certain conditions.
34 citations
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April 2001 in “PubMed” This study found that eflornithine HCl 13.9% cream reduces unwanted facial hair growth in women, with effects seen in up to 60% of participants over 4-8 weeks, with mostly minor skin irritation reported.
1 citations
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June 2022 in “JAAD case reports” This case report describes a woman who developed toxic epidermal necrolysis, potentially linked to an etonogestrel contraceptive implant, suggesting the need for further research into such adverse reactions.
May 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses the dual role of extracellular vesicles in the pathophysiology and treatment of atopic dermatitis but reports no new clinical results; future research should address standardization and safety challenges.
March 2025 in “Nature Communications” This study used human stem cell-derived skin organoids to model EV-A71 infection, revealing that various skin cell types are susceptible to the virus and identifying a potential drug target and replication inhibitor, suggesting its utility for studying skin infectious diseases and drug screening.
1 citations
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July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” VYN201 shows promise as a safe and effective treatment for non-segmental vitiligo.
8 citations
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June 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This review discusses the potential of extracellular vesicles for facial aesthetic applications, including scar reduction and skin rejuvenation, but reports no new clinical results; further research into production and mechanisms is needed.