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This article reviews the need for multicenter clinical trials to establish reference data for ultrasound screening protocols for Down syndrome and reports no new findings.

In this study, a plant extract from Northeastern Turkey demonstrated potential for preventing hair loss by downregulating inflammation and androgen production and promoting hair growth in HaCaT cell models.

This study identified altered mRNA and lncRNA profiles in NS scalp tissues, highlighting CDKN2AIP as a downregulated gene involved in a ceRNA network.

Activin A speeds up ear hair cell differentiation, while Follistatin slows it down.

This study reported that in degenerative alopecia, Zn²⁺/Cu²⁺-dependent proteases are downregulated and destabilized, and a specially developed microneedle patch reactivated these enzymes, reduced senescence, and enhanced hair regeneration in an animal model.

In this laboratory study, α-mangostin was found to significantly reduce melanin content and downregulate pigmentation-related genes in cultured skin and B16F10 cells, suggesting potential application as a natural whitening agent in sunscreen development.

In this study, ritlecitinib treatment for 12 and 24 weeks downregulated immunity-related genes and upregulated hair keratin genes in patients with alopecia areata, correlating with scalp hair regrowth response.

This study explored the role of miRNA-211 in Cashmere goat color regulation and found that miRNA-211 downregulates the gene AP1S2, significantly affecting melanogenesis and melanin content in Cashmere goat skin.

This study found that the retromer protein AtVPS29 in Arabidopsis plants modulates gibberellin signaling by upregulating the SLY1 protein and downregulating the RGA protein, ultimately enhancing the development of the root meristematic zone.

This study suggests that caveolin-1 may be a potential target for treating psoriasis, as its downregulation was linked to psoriasis markers that improved with soluble caveolin scaffolding domain peptide treatment.

This study found that minoxidil increases trabecular meshwork cell permeability, possibly via the downregulation of tight junction proteins and the generation of reactive oxygen species.

This study found that frontal fibrosing alopecia involves distinct molecular changes, such as downregulation of steroid and cholesterol pathways and upregulation of fibrotic and immune response genes, which may help guide treatment strategies.

This study demonstrated that FT-Raman spectroscopy is effective for identifying finasteride polymorphs in tablets and detecting the presence of alternative polymorphs down to about 15% concentration.

This study concluded that bone morphogenetic proteins are crucial for hair follicle stem cell differentiation and that their downregulation by androgens may contribute to the development of androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that UV exposure in human skin induces IL-10 production by macrophages, while Langerhans cells are depleted and their IL-12 production is downregulated.

This study found that prolactin and its receptor are expressed in the murine hair follicle epithelium, influencing hair cycle phases by down-regulating keratinocyte proliferation during anagen and inducing premature catagen.

This study found that skin microbiota, particularly in wild-type mice, promotes wound-induced hair follicle neogenesis and wound healing, highlighting the potential downsides of routine antibiotic use on skin regeneration.

In this study, cisplatin was found to induce cell death in human hair follicle cells through hydroxyl radical generation and Bcl-2 down-regulation, suggesting potential strategies for preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

This study found that compromised antioxidant activity in gray hair follicles affects both mature melanocytes and their immature precursors, linked to down-regulation of melanogenesis-related genes.

This study found that certain chemotherapeutic agents, such as cyclophosphamide, disrupt feather formation and induce hair loss in mice by inhibiting cell proliferation through sonic hedgehog gene downregulation.

This study generated FGF5-knockout Dorper sheep using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, resulting in significantly increased fine-wool and active hair-follicle density, and explored downstream signaling pathways for potential applications in androgen alopecia treatment.

This study identified the rough coat mutation in mice, but found that LOXL is not the causal gene, although its downregulation might contribute to related phenotypic changes.

This study found that extracellular vesicles from low-passage dermal papilla cells may activate hair growth by delivering miR-140-5p, which downregulates BMP2 signaling, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for alopecia.

This study found that in Pomeranians with Alopecia X, key genes in the Wnt and Shh signaling pathways and stem cell markers are downregulated, which may explain the absence of anagen hair follicles.

In this study, researchers found that overexpression of the hairless protein in Hr mutant mice disrupts inner root sheath formation by downregulating Dlx3 and associated keratins in hair follicle development.

Clotrimazole, an antifungal cream, may safely reduce skin pigmentation by breaking down the enzyme needed for making melanin.

In this study, activation of Tgr5 was found to improve alopecia areata and bone microstructure in mice by down-regulating the JAK1-STAT3 signaling pathway.

In this study, researchers found that basal cell carcinomas with common Hedgehog signaling mutations may require additional mutations to hyperactivate downstream signaling and progress beyond dormancy.

This study examined attractive white celebrities and found no significant difference in central forehead height between genders, but reported narrower and downward slanting foreheads in women, which may influence facial rejuvenation and gender-affirming surgery approaches.

In this study, TGFβR I was more highly expressed in alpaca ear skin than in back skin, suggesting it may inhibit coat hair growth, with let-7b downregulating TGFβR I protein through transcriptional repression.