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This systematic review found that mangkokan leaf formulations, especially ethosomal gel or phytosome lotion at 25% concentration, were most effective in stimulating hair growth and improving hair health through various biological mechanisms.

In this study, the SFE-4 extract from coffee pulp demonstrated potential effects for treating androgenetic alopecia by enhancing cell proliferation and gene expression related to hair growth pathways in vitro, using human hair follicle dermal papilla and prostate cancer cells.

This study found that cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) enhanced hair growth in mice with androgenetic alopecia by increasing hair follicle density and promoting proliferation while regulating the DHT/AR pathway.

This study investigated the effects of the 60% alcohol extract from Alnus sibirica and its active compound, oregonin, on hair health, observing anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic benefits in human hair dermal papilla cells exposed to oxidative stress, suggesting potential as natural materials for hair loss prevention.

This study found that applying an ethanol extract of Prasiola japonica improved hair regrowth, length, and follicular density in testosterone-induced hair loss conditions in mice, while also promoting dermal papilla cell proliferation and reducing dihydrotestosterone production, though effects were less pronounced than those of minoxidil.

In this study, oral administration of ginsenoside Rf from Panax ginseng promoted hair regrowth and increased hair thickness in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia by enhancing androgen receptor degradation, highlighting its potential for cosmetic and functional food applications.

In this study, exosomes derived from Iris germanica L. rhizomes (Iris-exosomes) were reported to alleviate oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial function in human follicle dermal papilla cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, suggesting potential benefits for hair loss treatment.

In this study, researchers found that fenugreek seed extract reduced prostate size, DHT levels, and cell proliferation in a testosterone-induced BPH rat model while modulating various genetic expressions, suggesting its potential as an alternative treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This review examines the hormonal causes of hair loss, noting how androgen excess can lead to follicle miniaturization and linking estrogen deficiency and thyroid dysfunction to common alopecia types. It further discusses hormonal treatments such as finasteride, dutasteride, and spironolactone.

This study describes androgenetic alopecia as a common non-scarring hair loss condition primarily influenced by genetic factors and androgen sensitivity, notably impacting psychosocial well-being, especially in females and younger males seeking treatment.

This review discusses the recent progress in understanding the role of m6A modifications in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome and reports no new clinical findings.

This review summarizes recent advances in alopecia management, focusing on combining synthetic and herbal therapies with innovative drug delivery systems like nanocarriers to enhance effectiveness and reduce side effects, while noting challenges with skin penetration and bioavailability.

This review discusses the relationship between oxidative stress and polycystic ovarian syndrome and reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize the need for further research into therapeutic strategies.

This study found that both a proprietary ultrahigh-pressure extract and a hexanic extract of saw palmetto showed comparable inhibition of 5α-reductase, suggesting similar potential for managing symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

This study found that Lophocereus marginatus extracts significantly inhibited melanoma cell growth in vitro and stimulated hair growth in mice, with combined treatments of LM with minoxidil or bergamot showing notable effects by day 14 without altering body weight.

This study suggests that 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester from African Yam bean seeds may inhibit the human 5α-reductase II enzyme, potentially helping manage BPH, although further studies are needed.

This study found that Scutellaria baicalensis extract and its main component baicalin inhibited androgen activation signaling and promoted proliferation of human dermal papilla cells, suggesting potential use in treating androgen-associated disorders.

This commentary reviews potential dietary and mineral influences on androgenetic alopecia and suggests considering a diet low in cholesterol and glycaemic index with improved glucose control and magnesium fortification, without new clinical results.

In castrated rats, this study found that triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum inhibited both types of 5α-reductase and reduced prostate growth linked to testosterone but not dihydrotestosterone.

This review discusses the clinical use of anti-androgen medications and highlights emerging evidence supporting plant-derived anti-androgens like spearmint tea for managing PCOS, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses current topical treatments, natural products, and complementary therapies for androgenetic alopecia, but it reports no new clinical results.

This study used LC-HRMS to detect undeclared pharmaceutical ingredients like minoxidil and finasteride in hair serums, finding risk to public health due to their toxicological properties and advocating for manufacturer transparency.

This study suggests that botanical 5AR inhibitors like Serenoa repens and β-sitosterol may improve symptoms of androgenetic alopecia, with 60% of treated subjects showing improvement compared to placebo.

This study found that 60% of men with mild to moderate androgenetic alopecia showed improvement after treatment with botanically derived 5AR inhibitors, suggesting these compounds may be effective, though larger trials are needed.

This study suggests that sinapic acid may promote hair growth in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells by activating specific signaling pathways and inducing the expression of growth factors.

In this study, saw palmetto supplements showed varied effects on cell growth in vitro and did not significantly inhibit growth in the hamster flank organ model despite a notable trend.

This study suggests that while complementary and alternative treatments for hair loss are becoming more popular, their effectiveness and mechanisms remain largely unverified.

This study found that Cnidium officinale extract and its compound ferulic acid improved hair growth by promoting dermal papilla cell function and mitochondrial activity, suggesting their potential as a new treatment option for alopecia, possibly through estrogen receptor alpha activation.

This study found that testosterone therapy improved physical performance and strength in older men with low testosterone over 36 months, whether administered alone or with finasteride.

This article reviews the potential clinical use of anabolic steroids in treating muscle loss from chronic diseases and aging and highlights both the benefits and risks of these substances in sports.