Lipid Profile and 5α-Reductase Inhibition Activity of Proprietary Ultrahigh-Pressure Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Hexane Saw Palmetto Extracts

This preclinical study compared two standardized saw palmetto extracts, ultrahigh-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide (UHP-sCESr) and hexanic extract (HESr), for their 5α-reductase inhibition activity and lipid profiles. Both extracts showed similar efficacy in inhibiting 5α-reductase types 1 and 2, enzymes involved in converting testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and conditions like hair loss. The lipid profiles were comparable, with consistent fatty acid content. UHP-sCESr meets USP standards and offers a standardized alternative for managing BPH symptoms, especially in regions where HESr is unavailable, with potential for fewer sexual side effects compared to traditional medications.