research Convergent Evolution of Cysteine-Rich Keratins in Hard Skin Appendages of Terrestrial Vertebrates
Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
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research Single-Cell Transcriptomics Defines Keratinocyte Differentiation in Avian Scutate Scales
The research identified two types of keratinocytes in chicken scales: one for hard scales and another for soft skin, with similarities to human skin differentiation.
research Evolution of Trichocyte Keratins
Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
research Adenosine Stimulates Growth of Dermal Papilla and Lengthens the Anagen Phase by Increasing the Cysteine Level via Fibroblast Growth Factors 2 and 7 in an Organ Culture of Mouse Vibrissae Hair Follicles
Adenosine helps hair grow longer and stronger by boosting certain growth factors and signaling pathways.
research Hair Shaft Abnormalities: Clues to Diagnosis and Treatment
Hair problems can be caused by genetics or the environment, and treatment should focus on the cause and reducing hair damage.
research Establishment of a Culture Model for the Prolonged Maintenance of Chicken Feather Follicles Structure In Vitro
Scientists have developed a method to keep chicken feather follicles alive and structurally intact in a lab for up to a week.
research A Review of Keratin-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications
Keratin from hair and wool is used in medical materials for healing and drug delivery.
research Transglutaminase Activity Is Conserved in Stratified Epithelia and Skin Appendages of Mammals and Birds
Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.
research Cell Death by Cornification
Cornification is how skin cells die to form the protective outer layer of skin, hair, and nails.
research Evo Devo of the Vertebrate Integument
The skin systems of jawed vertebrates evolved diverse appendages like hair and scales from a common structure over 420 million years ago.
research Keratinocytes of the Upper Epidermis and Isthmus of Hair Follicles Express Hemoglobin mRNA and Protein
Skin cells and certain hair follicle areas produce hemoglobin, which may help protect against oxidative stress like UV damage.
research Keratin Disorders: From Gene to Therapy
New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.
research Evolution of Hard Proteins in the Sauropsid Integument in Relation to the Cornification of Skin Derivatives in Amniotes
Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
research Perspectives on Hair Evolution Based on Comparative Studies on Vertebrate Cornification
Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
research The Hair Cycle
The document concludes that the hair cycle is a complex process involving growth, regression, and rest phases, regulated by various molecular signals.
research The Hair Cycle
The document concludes that the hair cycle is a complex process involving growth, regression, and rest phases, regulated by various molecular signals.
research Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia
Chemotherapy often causes hair loss, which usually grows back within 3 to 6 months, but there's no effective treatment to prevent it.
research Self-Assembly of Solubilized Human Hair Keratins
Human hair keratins can form stable nanofiber networks that might help in tissue regeneration.
research Gene Expression of Mouse S100A3, a Cysteine-Rich Calcium-Binding Protein, in Developing Hair Follicle
S100A3 protein is crucial for hair shaft formation in mice.
research Structure and Expression of Genes for a Class of Cysteine-Rich Proteins of the Cuticle Layers of Differentiating Wool and Hair Follicles
Researchers found genes for cysteine-rich proteins that form the protective layer of hair in humans and sheep.
research Human Hair Keratin-Associated Proteins
Hair keratin-associated proteins are essential for strong hair, with over 80 genes showing specific patterns and variations among people.
research Size Polymorphisms in the Human Ultrahigh Sulfur Hair Keratin-Associated Protein 4, KAP4, Gene Family
The study found that variations in hair protein genes are likely due to evolutionary deletions or duplications.
research Structure and Hair Follicle-Specific Expression of Genes Encoding the Rat High Sulfur Protein B2 Family
The B2 genes are crucial for hair growth in rats.
research The Susceptibility of Disulfide Bonds to Modification in Keratin Fibers Undergoing Tensile Stress
Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
research Cysteine Prevents the Reduction in Keratin Synthesis Induced by Iron Deficiency in Human Keratinocytes
Cysteine helps maintain keratin production in skin cells even when iron is low.
research Immunolocalization of a Histidine-Rich Epidermal Differentiation Protein in the Chicken Supports the Hypothesis of an Evolutionary Developmental Link Between the Embryonic Subperiderm and Feather Barbs and Barbules
A specific protein in chicken embryos links early skin layers to feather development.
research Cryogelation of Human Hair Keratins
Human hair keratins can be turned into useful 3D biomedical scaffolds through a freeze-thaw process.
research Understanding the Biochemical Properties of Human Hair Keratins: Self-Assembly Potential and Cell Response
Human hair keratins can self-assemble and support cell growth, useful for biomedical applications.
research Organization and Expression of Hair Follicle Genes
Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
research Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21
A cluster of sulfur-rich hair protein genes was found on chromosome 17.