Hair Shaft Abnormalities: Clues to Diagnosis and Treatment

Hair shaft abnormalities, which can be congenital or acquired, manifest as changes in the hair's color, density, length, and structure, often leading to brittle and unmanageable hair that appears dry and lacks luster. These conditions can be localized or generalized and may be due to genetic factors or external influences. Diagnosing hair shaft diseases involves optic and polarized light microscopy, along with a thorough patient history and physical examination that includes other skin appendages. Understanding hair biology and embryology is crucial for identifying the various syndromes associated with hair shaft abnormalities. Treatment should address the underlying cause and minimize hair damage from external factors, with a recommendation for shorter hairstyles to ease management for affected individuals.