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The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

Increased PPARGC1α relates to hair thinning in common baldness.

Flutamide is more effective and has fewer side effects than spironolactone for treating hirsutism.

Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.

Some plant-based treatments can help with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Drug repurposing is a cost-effective way to find new uses for existing drugs, speeding up treatment development.

An extract from Quercus acutissima bark was found to reduce sebum production and block an enzyme linked to acne.

Three specific proteins can turn adult skin cells into hair-growing cells, suggesting a new hair loss treatment.

DHEA may help with sexual function when used intravaginally by menopausal women but is similar to hormone therapy in other aspects and might cause more side effects like acne and hair loss.

Rice bran extract might help prevent hair loss.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

Eating selenium-rich rice improved antioxidant activity and signs of aging in mice.

Caesalpinia bonduc seed extracts may help treat enlarged prostate in rats.

COVID-19 may worsen with androgens; anti-androgen drugs could help.

Oregano extract helps fix testis and sperm damage caused by finasteride.

NF-κB signaling is crucial in many diseases and can be targeted for new treatments.

Oxidative stress is likely important in causing telogen effluvium, and antioxidants might help treat it.

The protein FLCN is involved in cellular cleanup and is regulated by ULK1.

Metformin may help treat neuroendocrine tumors.

Sex hormones may influence COVID-19 severity, with males at higher risk, and certain hormone therapies could potentially treat the virus.

DHEA affects multiple receptors and may help with metabolic issues, but its safety and effectiveness in humans are unclear.

Heavy ion radiation has a more severe and long-lasting effect on mouse intestinal metabolites than gamma radiation.

Fermented papaya and mangosteen in hair care products helped prevent hair loss and improve hair thickness.

Three compounds were found to inhibit a prostate disease-related enzyme and reduce prostate size more effectively than the current treatment, suggesting they could be used for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Finasteride in male rats causes liver and metabolic issues in their offspring.

Topical retinoids effectively improve photodamaged skin.

Metabolism plays a key role in determining stem cell fate.

Zebrafish need MYC and FGF to regenerate inner ear hair cells.

Sex hormones' effects on COVID-19 are unclear and more research is needed to understand their potential as treatment.

Spironolactone is safe for treating female hair loss, but the safety of other drugs is uncertain.