Regulation of Masculinization: Androgen Signaling for External Genitalia Development

The document from April 18, 2018, reviews the role of androgen signaling, particularly through the androgen receptor (AR), in the development of male external genitalia and the process of masculinization. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved, including the roles of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and their target genes. The review discusses the involvement of specific genes and signaling pathways, such as MAFB and Wnt-ß-catenin, in genital development and their potential link to conditions like hypospadias. It also notes the impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and the need for further research to fully understand the genetic interactions and signaling pathways involved in the development of reproductive organs. The document suggests that advancements in this field could provide insights into the development of congenital penile anomalies and the regulation of local androgen production.