103 citations
,
October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
17 citations
,
March 2006 in “BJU international” Using buccal mucosa for hypospadias repair in children is effective and reduces complications.
2 citations
,
February 2020 in “Journal of Investigative Surgery” Flutamide-induced hypospadias in rats slows down early wound healing.
1 citations
,
August 2008 in “The Journal of Urology” Dihydrotestosterone gel before hypospadias surgery led to less scarring but raised concerns about potential psychological effects and skin changes.
January 2023 in “The Annals of african surgery” Hormone treatment before hypospadias surgery can increase penis size and reduce surgery complications.