51 citations
,
January 2003 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Hormones and their receptors, especially androgens, play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness.
40 citations
,
September 2008 in “Drug Discovery Today” Current treatments for male pattern baldness include minoxidil and finasteride, with new options being developed.
19 citations
,
January 2018 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” The gel made of minoxidil and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin improves hair growth and is good for long-term use.
18 citations
,
May 2020 in “Biomolecules” Spironolactone, a heart and liver drug, has new uses including cancer treatment, viral infection prevention, and skin condition improvement.
1 citations
,
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
224 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” ERG increases SOX9, promoting prostate cancer growth and invasion.
89 citations
,
August 2013 in “PloS one” Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.
15 citations
,
December 2010 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin works better for adolescent girls with PCOS who have certain genetic variations.
36 citations
,
June 2014 in “PLOS ONE” Finasteride, a hair loss drug, may cause long-term sexual side effects due to changes in hormone receptor levels.
December 2023 in “Scientific Reports” Scientists created cell lines from balding patients and found that cells from the front of the scalp are more affected by hormones that cause hair loss than those from the back.
26 citations
,
November 2009 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Certain gene variations are not a major cause of male infertility in Nigerian men.
18 citations
,
January 1998 in “Endocrine” RU58841, a nonsteroidal anti-androgen, showed potential as a topical treatment for hair loss, increasing hair density, thickness, and length without systemic side effects in Stumptailed Macaques.
18 citations
,
January 2001 in “Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry” Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) are drugs that can control the effects of androgens in different tissues, potentially having fewer side effects and promising for treating various conditions.
95 citations
,
May 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Androgens block hair growth by disrupting cell signals; targeting GSK-3 may help treat hair loss.
19 citations
,
June 2015 in “European Journal of Pharmacology” Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) doesn't affect rat skin cell growth, but it does change cell cycle, protein levels, and other cell functions, potentially shortening hair growth cycle.
14 citations
,
September 2015 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.
10 citations
,
May 2019 in “International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health” Finasteride may cause kidney damage.
10 citations
,
March 2018 in “Chemosphere” Bisphenol-A (BPA) increases connections between brain cells and boosts their activity, but it blocks the effects of a male hormone on brain cell plasticity.
9 citations
,
November 2018 in “Acta Clinica Belgica” Don't combine abiraterone and spironolactone for prostate cancer treatment as it may worsen the disease.
8 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics” Dosing time affects finasteride's effectiveness and safety in rats.
6 citations
,
August 2009 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.
December 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Excess androgens may cause PCOS, not just be a symptom.
December 2022 in “International Journal of Biomedicine” Androgens may worsen COVID-19 and hair loss could indicate the disease's severity.
103 citations
,
October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
48 citations
,
May 2015 in “PLOS ONE” DNA variants can predict male pattern baldness, with higher risk scores increasing baldness likelihood.
42 citations
,
February 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Minoxidil boosts hair growth by triggering growth factor release from specific stem cells.
34 citations
,
July 2020 in “Frontiers in immunology” Androgens may influence T cells, contributing to higher autoimmune liver disease risk in women.
33 citations
,
April 2009 in “Contraception” Chlormadinone acetate is a strong, well-tolerated hormone used in birth control and hormone therapy with benefits for menstrual pain and skin conditions.
22 citations
,
November 2011 in “Journal of Analytical Toxicology” Scientists have developed a new method to detect steroid abuse in athletes using cell-based tests, which could be the future of anti-doping methods.
11 citations
,
July 2017 in “Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs” New hair loss treatments may include topical medications, injections, and improved transplant methods.