86 citations
,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” This paper reviews the evolution of skin appendages and keratin-associated proteins among amniotes, proposing a model for their genetic divergence without new experimental results.
39 citations
,
April 2015 in “Regeneration” This review discusses the regenerative processes of lizard tails, particularly focusing on the diversity in blastema development across different species, and reports no new findings.
38 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” This article discusses a hypothesis on the development and evolution of scales, hairs, and feathers from fish to amniotes, based on regions of dermo-epidermal interactions in skin, but reports no new findings.
158 citations
,
January 2009 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” This perspective highlights the potential of reptile integument as an experimental model to understand the evolution of amniote skin structures, but reports no new research findings.
8 citations
,
March 2025 in “Developmental Biology” Integumentary organs adapt and evolve for survival, with potential uses in regenerative medicine.
82 citations
,
January 2006 in “International review of cytology” Vertebrate skin evolved to be more specialized and complex, especially in land animals.
72 citations
,
December 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution” This review provides an overview of the molecular evolution of corneous beta-proteins in reptiles and birds, highlighting their distinct genetic origin and role in epidermal structures, but reports no new results.
2 citations
,
August 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study observed that distinct subsets of Hoxd genes in murine vibrissae and chicken feather primordia are regulated by different lineage-specific enhancers, indicating evolutionary changes in chromatin topology contribute to transcriptional robustness.
21 citations
,
June 2003 in “Journal of Morphology” This study suggests that the epidermis of monotremes and marsupials exhibits a more primitive pattern of protein distribution compared to eutherian mammals, with differences in loricrin distribution and keratinocyte maturation.
38 citations
,
November 2018 in “Scientific Reports” This study suggests that chicken and alligator scales evolved independently through convergent evolution rather than sharing a common origin with avian feathers.
7 citations
,
October 2018 in “BMC genomics” This study reveals that β-catenin and retinoic acid are key regulators in the gene networks controlling the fate of skin appendages, such as scales and feathers.
88 citations
,
July 2008 in “Development” This study shows that BMP2 and BMP7 play complex, necessary roles in feather development by regulating dermal condensation formation, with BMP7 acting early as a chemoattractant and BMP2 halting cell migration.
36 citations
,
November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” This study suggests that the keratins found in reptile and bird skin appendages evolved independently from mammalian hair keratins, highlighting convergent evolution in these species.
22 citations
,
December 2016 in “PloS one” In this study, researchers found that the EDMTFH protein is present in specific layers of the chicken embryo skin and feathers, suggesting its role in feather mechanics and development.
11 citations
,
June 2016 in “npj Regenerative Medicine” This symposium discussed why regenerative capacity varies among species and diminishes with age, exploring how these insights could inform regenerative medicine approaches, without presenting new experimental results.
9 citations
,
July 2011 in “Scientific Reports” This study suggests that human evolution involved accelerated changes in the HR gene, affecting its role in mediating postnatal hair cycling.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “Scientific Reports” This study investigated the Mandarin duck as a model for understanding lifelong developmental changes, finding that male sail feather morphogenesis involves a combination of local morphogenetic programs, epigenetic regulation, and hormonal cues, with increased female estrogen levels observed before the mating season.
85 citations
,
October 2006 in “Current opinion in cell biology” This article reviews advances in feather development and regeneration, including pattern formation, stem cell biology, and evolution, but presents no new experimental results.
47 citations
,
May 2012 in “Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Developmental Biology” This article reviews the generation of complex integument patterns through genetic, chemical, and environmental influences, with applications in tissue engineering, but reports no new experimental results.
133 citations
,
February 2019 in “PLoS Biology” This research found that feather pattern formation in birds is regulated by a mechanochemical system involving fibroblast growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein signaling, which is altered in the flightless emu and ostrich.
68 citations
,
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Hair growth can be induced by certain cells found at the base of hair follicles, and these cells may also influence hair development and regeneration.
62 citations
,
January 2000 in “Developmental dynamics” This study found that Notch-related genes, including Notch1 and Notch2, and their ligands and regulators, have distinct patterns of expression during mouse hair vibrissa follicle development and the adult hair cycle.
48 citations
,
December 2004 in “Differentiation” This study found that cultured dental papilla cells from various mammals can induce hair follicle regeneration and influence tissue formation, with outcomes dependent on donor age, tooth type, and host environment.
33 citations
,
January 2018 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” This review discusses the dual role of cellular senescence in ageing and tissue repair and suggests potential therapeutic applications, with no new experimental results reported.
33 citations
,
December 2004 in “Differentiation” In this study, mouse amnion epithelium was successfully transformed into skin and hair follicles when associated with hair-forming dermis, revealing the necessity of specific influences for follicle formation.
26 citations
,
August 1971 in “Journal of Morphology” In this study, researchers observed that the epidermal specializations on the tail scales of Lygodactylus lizards, including sensory organs and specific secretory glands, are fully restored with similar structure and distribution on regenerated tails.
21 citations
,
January 2023 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” This review examines the Wnt signaling pathway's role in regeneration across key model species, but it reports no new findings and highlights the need for more research to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” This review explores theories on the evolution of hair from synapsid scales and glands, proposing mechanisms supported by comparative studies, but reports no new experimental findings.
15 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” This study analyzes the fine structure and protein distribution in monotreme hairs, finding similarities with other mammals and detailing unique immunocytochemical features in their inner root sheaths.
8 citations
,
May 2024 in “PLoS Biology” This study on feather pattern formation in chicken skin found that inhibiting gap junctional intercellular communication can lead to the emergence of new feather buds in specific spatial patterns, suggesting that GJIC may facilitate Turing-type periodic patterning by propagating inhibitory signals over long distances.