July 2023 in “Bioengineering & translational medicine” This study explored a cell-free therapy with mesenchymal stem cell paracrine proteins and PEG hydrogels for deep burn treatment and found that the combination significantly enhanced wound healing, reduced scar formation, and promoted skin appendage regeneration in a rabbit model.
61 citations
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December 2016 in “The EMBO Journal” This study established a new in vitro culture system that supports the growth and dynamic self-organization of hair follicle stem cells and their progeny, promoting a stable population equilibrium.
January 2024 in “Biomaterials Research” This study introduced a novel 3D co-culture system that effectively mimics in vivo extracellular matrix dynamics, supporting hair follicle biology research and providing a robust platform for evaluating hair loss treatments through enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.
1 citations
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March 2024 in “Nanomaterials” This review article summarizes recent advancements in biomimetic scaffolds, highlighting their promise in tissue engineering and personalized medicine, particularly for skin and musculoskeletal system regeneration, while emphasizing the need for more extensive research to ensure their safety for human use.
November 2025 in “Nature Communications” This study used a 3D live imaging system to map cell dynamics in human hair follicles, revealing patterns of cell movement and division that help explain hair fiber extrusion during hair growth.
August 2023 in “Military Medical Research” This review highlights that skin organoids, advanced three-dimensional models mimicking human skin, are emerging as effective alternatives to traditional culture models and human skin, overcoming limitations of two-dimensional systems and ethical concerns, and are being increasingly used in areas like developmental biology and disease modeling.
1 citations
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December 2023 in “Scientific reports” This study investigated the use of 3D cell culture technology to explore hair follicle regeneration, examining the impact of the 3D cellular environment on hair follicle morphogenesis and the effects of microwell depth on spheroid formation.
14 citations
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April 2017 in “Scientific Reports” This study demonstrated that using a perfusion culture bioreactor and 3D spheroid culture can enhance corneal endothelial cell expansion and support the construction of tissue-engineered corneal endothelial layers in vitro.
June 2023 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” This review describes bioengineering strategies to mimic the natural cell microenvironment in vitro, emphasizing the novel approach of using cell-synthesized extracellular matrix as a scaffold for engineering functional 3D tissues, while highlighting the limitations of exogenous scaffolds in tissue engineering.
October 2023 in “Biomedical science and engineering” Innovative methods are reducing animal testing and improving biomedical research.
July 2026 in “Organoid Research” In this review, researchers summarize key factors in constructing skin organoids, including cell source and assembly methods, and emphasize advances such as air-liquid interface culture for improving tissue development, aiming to guide standardized protocols and future clinical applications.
68 citations
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December 2011 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study reported that a three-dimensional hydrogel culture system supports the growth and maintenance of distinct dermal papilla cell types, crucial for skin reconstitution assays in neonatal mice.
21 citations
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June 2018 in “Current Opinion in Genetics & Development” This review discusses recent advancements in regenerative medicine, including functional organ regeneration and the creation of mini-organs, and reports no new clinical results.
67 citations
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June 2019 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” This study introduces a method for long-term expansion of adult mouse epidermal stem cells in vitro using an organoid culture system that maintains the basal-apical organization.
1 citations
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March 2021 in “Skin health and disease” This review evaluates laboratory models used in androgenetic alopecia research but reports no new findings, emphasizing the potential of human-derived 3-D models for future studies.
2 citations
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June 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” In this study, researchers developed a 3D in-vitro system for generating functional AT-resident macrophages without cell sorting, providing a valuable tool to study their differentiation and function in various physiological and pathological conditions.
61 citations
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September 2016 in “NPG Asia Materials” This study developed thermo-reversible glycol chitosan hydrogels that effectively form and maintain 3D cell spheroids within one day, offering a simplified method for creating biologically realistic cultures for tissue regeneration and drug screening applications.
39 citations
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March 2022 in “Nature Protocols” This study describes a protocol for generating hair-bearing skin organoids from human pluripotent stem cells, achieving full complexity resembling fetal skin tissue by day 130 in vitro.
10 citations
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September 2022 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials” This review discusses recent advancements and ongoing challenges in engineering human skin with appendages using scaffold-free and scaffold-based bioengineering approaches, but it reports no new clinical results.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Medical Technology” This review discusses current knowledge of keratinocyte stem cell dynamics, including their regenerative roles and potential applications beyond wound healing, but presents no new clinical findings.
208 citations
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January 2013 in “Lab on a Chip” The researchers described a chip-based bioreactor platform for dynamic perfusion, which may enhance in vitro skin models by introducing mechanical shear stress and extending culture periods.
13 citations
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September 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” This study found that suspension culture was more effective than hydrogel-based systems for maintaining spheroid morphology and differentiation of human iPSC-derived definitive endoderm cells.
January 2024 in “Biomaterials Research” This study found that human hair follicle dermal papilla cells cultivated as 3D spheroids in hexanoyl glycol chitosan-coated dishes formed hair-like structures, with minoxidil enhancing growth, and successfully integrated into artificial skin models, suggesting advancements for hair loss treatments and skin restoration therapies.
3 citations
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January 2019 in “Advances in stem cells and their niches” This review discusses the role of dermal papilla cells in hair follicle morphogenesis and regeneration and reports no new results; the authors emphasize the importance of these cells in hair growth and pigmentation regulation.
2 citations
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June 2022 in “Cells” The study found that growing dermal papilla cells in 3D spheroids enhances their activity with hair growth-promoting agents, such as minoxidil and TCQA, compared to traditional 2D cultures.
22 citations
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March 2021 in “Materials Today Bio” This review discusses recent advances in developmental tissue engineering for regenerating ectodermal appendages like teeth and glands, emphasizing biomaterial selection and cell culture strategies, but reports no new experimental results.
January 2026 in “Regenerative Biomaterials” This study highlights that hydrogel formulations unexpectedly prolonged healing in trials, pointing to a need for design based on detailed pathophysiological insights rather than empirical methods, and suggests technologies like AI materials optimization and 3D bioprinting to aid their clinical use for cancer survivors.
July 2024 in “ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering” In this study, researchers used a 3D in vitro organ culture system to show that rifampicin-loaded lipid nanocapsules can penetrate hair follicles more effectively than free rifampicin, highlighting the potential advantage of nanocarrier-based antibiotic treatments for follicular infections.
4 citations
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September 2024 in “Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Therapeutics” This review discusses the potential of 3D cell cultures, particularly Patient-Derived Organoids, in advancing research on liposarcoma by addressing limitations of 2D cultures and animal models but reports no new experimental findings.
8 citations
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March 2019 in “Open Biology” This review describes recent advances in regenerating functional 3D organs from stem cells, particularly ectodermal organs, but reports no new clinical findings and highlights future research directions for organ replacement therapy.