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Melanocytes are crucial for skin pigmentation and can affect conditions like melanoma, vitiligo, and albinism, as well as hair color and hearing.

Muscles and nerves that cause goosebumps also help control hair growth.

Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.

Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.

Systemic glucocorticosteroids are a primary treatment for various skin conditions but require careful management due to potential side effects and relapses.

Tofacitinib citrate is effective for moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis but has safety concerns at higher doses.

Oral JAK inhibitors are effective and safe for treating alopecia areata but may need ongoing use to keep results.

Ziziphus jujuba Mills may have health benefits, but more research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.

Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, affecting sexual development.

Gene network oscillations inside hair stem cells are key for hair growth regulation and could help treat hair loss.

KLF4 is important for maintaining skin stem cells and helps heal wounds.

High glucocorticoids cause pancreatic malfunction and malabsorption, reversible with enzyme supplements.

Thyroid receptor agonists may treat male pattern baldness without harmful side effects.

miR-140-5p in certain cell vesicles helps hair growth by boosting cell proliferation.

Alopecia areata has a complex genetic basis that was not fully understood as of 2001.

Advanced therapies like gene, cell, and tissue engineering show promise for hair regrowth in alopecia, but their safety and effectiveness need more verification.

Hair and skin can regenerate without bulge stem cells due to other compensating cells.

The PP2A-B55α protein is essential for brain and skin development in embryos.

Wounds can regenerate hair in young mice, but this ability declines with age, offering insights for improving tissue regeneration in the elderly.

FP-1 is a key protein in rat hair growth, active only during the growth phase.

Skin's epithelial stem cells are crucial for repair and maintenance, and understanding them could improve treatments for skin problems.

Ciclosporin might be a good alternative treatment for certain hearing loss that responds to steroids.

A patch made from human lung fibroblast material helps heal skin wounds effectively, including diabetic ulcers.

Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 is not needed for hair regeneration.

STAT3 signaling is important for healthy skin and hair follicles, and its disruption can lead to skin conditions like atopic dermatitis.

Current therapies cannot fully regenerate adult skin without scars; more research is needed for scar-free healing.

Environmental factors like diet and vitamin levels, especially Vitamin D, can affect autoimmune diseases differently, with lifestyle changes potentially improving outcomes.

Zebrafish larvae are used to study and find treatments for ear cell damage because they are easier to observe and test than mammals.