30 citations
,
January 2008 in “The Aging Male” This study found no difference in male pattern baldness between patients with benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer, and no correlation with serum androgen levels.
28 citations
,
July 2022 in “Endocrine” This study suggests that young women with low prolactin levels may face higher cardiometabolic risk, and reducing cabergoline dosage reversed related metabolic disturbances.
25 citations
,
January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology” In this study, decreased levels of SHBG and a high free androgen index were observed in men with severe premature baldness compared to controls, but this condition was not equivalent to PCOS or metabolic syndrome in females.
24 citations
,
November 2016 in “Molecular Medicine Reports” This study found that women with acne resistant to conventional treatments had significantly higher levels of testosterone, DHEA‑S, prolactin, and LH, suggesting potential underlying hormonal disorders.
23 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Nanjing Medical University” This study found that higher BMI in PCOS patients at a Chinese clinic was associated with functional disorders of androgen excess, suggesting BMI may predict hyperandrogenism in this population.
20 citations
,
December 1994 in “Fertility and sterility” In this study, treatment with flutamide combined with a low-dose oral contraceptive significantly improved hirsutism in women with polycystic ovarian disease who did not respond to oral contraceptive treatment alone.
20 citations
,
January 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” This case report highlights that a postmenopausal woman experienced virilization due to unintentional transdermal absorption of testosterone from her spouse's topical androgen via shared washcloths, underscoring the importance of considering exogenous androgen exposure in similar diagnoses.
14 citations
,
October 2016 in “Physiological Research” In this study, vitamin D supplementation showed no significant effect on androgen levels or clinical hyperandrogenism in PCOS women, but when combined with metformin, it improved testosterone levels.
14 citations
,
September 2007 in “Steroids” This study suggests that androstendione and DHEA are useful indicators for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in hirsute women, while DHEAS was not found to be helpful.
9 citations
,
November 2013 in “Presse Medicale” This article discusses clinical features and treatment options for hyperandrogenism in women and does not report new findings, highlighting current practices in diagnosis and management.
8 citations
,
March 2022 in “International Journal of Endocrinology” This study found that combining low-dose spironolactone with metformin improved insulin resistance in PCOS patients more effectively than using either drug alone.
6 citations
,
December 2015 in “JAMA” This content is not a research abstract; it includes a website navigation notice and no study findings.
5 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” This study concluded that among men with normal testosterone levels, a small increase in serum dihydrotestosterone may reduce symptoms of hypogonadism, suggesting its potential diagnostic use after ruling out hypogonadism.
5 citations
,
October 2016 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” This study found that women with PCOS had significantly prolonged nasal mucociliary clearance time, which may increase their susceptibility to respiratory tract and middle ear infections.
4 citations
,
January 1994 in “Journal of hepatology” This study observed that cyclosporine A significantly alters sex hormone levels in both pre- and post-menopausal women with primary biliary cirrhosis.
3 citations
,
April 2017 in “Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research” In this study, acne was the most common skin manifestation among women with PCOS, significantly correlated with elevated LH levels and the LH:FSH ratio.
3 citations
,
February 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study highlights how sex steroids affect hair growth, reporting that testosterone used in masculinizing hormone therapy can lead to androgenetic alopecia in transgender individuals, while feminizing hormone therapy with estradiol and antiandrogens can reduce hirsutism.
1 citations
,
May 2024 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This case report suggests that clomiphene citrate can effectively restore fertility in some men with a long history of anabolic steroid abuse, though individual responses to treatment vary.
1 citations
,
February 2022 in “Case reports in endocrinology” This case report describes a 64-year-old postmenopausal woman with hirsutism due to a rare case of bilateral diffuse ovarian Leydig cell hyperplasia, leading to normalized testosterone levels and improved glycaemic control following surgery.
1 citations
,
November 2002 in “Endocrine practice” This case report describes a post-menopausal woman with severe hirsutism whose high testosterone levels decreased after gonadotropin suppression, indicating residual hormone-producing tissue responsive to gonadotropins.
1 citations
,
December 2013 in “ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)” This study found that an 8-week low insulinemic diet significantly improved anthropometric, biochemical, and metabolic measures, binge eating behaviors, and quality of life in women with PCOS.
September 2025 in “Reproductive health of woman” This study found that in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, taking metformin for three months significantly reduced serum levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone, suggesting a beneficial effect on managing hyperandrogenism.
May 2024 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” This study found that early-onset male androgenetic alopecia is associated with abnormal lipid metabolism and lower levels of certain serum markers, which may serve as risk factors or protective factors for the condition.
December 2021 in “Aegean journal of obstetrics and gynecology” This case report highlights a rare instance of postmenopausal virilization in a 71-year-old woman due to coexisting ovarian hilus cell hyperplasia and a Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report describes a 48-year-old woman with a history of PCOS and chemotherapy-induced menopause who was found to have a rare ovarian steroid cell tumor causing postmenopausal hyperandrogenism.
December 2020 in “Asian Biomedicine” This study found that the prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology among Thai women with PCOS was 55.2%, with no significant factors associated with its presence in univariate analysis.
January 2014 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” Women with acne after adolescence are more likely to have PCOS and should be checked for it.
In this study, a very low-calorie ketogenic diet significantly improved metabolic and hormonal profiles in obese men, but did not significantly enhance most semen parameters except for sperm motility.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report highlights the diagnostic challenge of identifying androgen-secreting ovarian Leydig cell tumors in postmenopausal women when imaging fails to reveal masses, emphasizing the usefulness of ovarian vein sampling for localization.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study found that while 11-oxyandrogens do not aid in diagnosing PCOS, they correlate with hirsutism severity, and 11-ketotestosterone levels decrease with combined oral contraceptive therapy.