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    Glossary Topical Immunotherapy

    deliberately triggers skin immune response to promote hair regrowth

    Topical immunotherapy, also known as contact immunotherapy, is a treatment method used primarily for conditions like alopecia areata, where an immune response is deliberately triggered on the skin to promote hair regrowth. This is typically achieved by applying a chemical agent, such as diphencyprone (DPCP), to the affected area, causing a mild allergic reaction that can stimulate hair follicles and potentially lead to hair regrowth.

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    1. Topical immunotherapy in alopecia areata International journal of trichology · 2010 · 45 citations
    2. Seventeen Cases of Alopecia Areata: Combination of SADBE Topical Immunotherapy with Other Therapies The Journal of Dermatology · 2002 · 36 citations
    3. Topical immunotherapy of severe alopecia areata with diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP): experience in an Iranian population BMC dermatology · 2005 · 36 citations
    4. TOPICAL IMMUNOTHERAPY IN DERMATOLOGY International Journal of Clinical Practice · 1999 · 22 citations
    5. Application of Topical Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Alopecia Areata: A Review and Update Drug design, development and therapy · 2021 · 20 citations
    6. A systematic review on the treatment of pediatric severe alopecia areata by topical immunotherapy or Anthralin (contact sensitization) or low‐level light/laser therapy (LLLT): focus on efficacy, safety, treatment duration, recurrence, and follow‐up based on clinical studies Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · 2021 · 17 citations
    7. Discoid lupus erythematosus exacerbated by contact dermatitis caused by use of squaric acid dibutylester for topical immunotherapy in a patient with alopecia areata The Journal of Dermatology · 2008 · 15 citations
    8. Diphencyprone and topical tacrolimus as two topical immunotherapeutic modalities. Are they effective in the treatment of alopecia areata among Egyptian patients? A study using CD4, CD8 and MHC II as markers Journal of dermatological treatment · 2010 · 13 citations
    9. Dapsone versus topical immunotherapy in alopecia areata British Journal of Dermatology · 1995 · 13 citations
    10. Impaired responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to T-cell stimulants in alopecia areata patients with a poor response to topical immunotherapy 2008 · 4 citations
    11. Topical Immunotherapy with Diphenylcyclopropenone in Paediatric Patients with Alopecia Areata—A Retrospective Study of 97 Patients Skin Health and Disease · 2024 · 1 citations
    12. Treatment outcomes and considerations for topical immunotherapy in patients with alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis Frontiers in Medicine · 2025
    13. Retrospective Analysis of the Effect of Comorbid Atopic Dermatitis on the Treatment Response to Topical Immunotherapy in Pediatric Alopecia Areata Patients Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2024
    14. Factors Affecting the Response and Patient Satisfaction of Topical Immunotherapy in Alopecia Areata: A Nationwide Study Annals of Dermatology · 2024
    15. The Efficacy, Safety, and Recurrence Rate of Diphenylcyclopropenone Topical Immunotherapy for Alopecia Areata: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis Dermatologic therapy · 2023
    16. 031 Inducible skin-associated lymphoid tissue (iSALT) is detected in the scalp treated with topical immunotherapy for alopecia areata 2017
    17. Contact immunotherapy‐resistant alopecia areata totalis/universalis reactive to topical corticosteroid The Journal of Dermatology · 2015 · 5 citations
    18. Successful Treatment of Multiple Alopecia Areata With Contact Immunotherapy: Supportive Usage of Oral Antihistamine and Topical Corticosteroid Dermatology - Open Journal · 2017 · 1 citations
    19. Topical immunotherapies Elsevier eBooks · 2023
    20. Comparative trail on efficacy of topical contact immunotherapy with dinitrochlorobenzene and diphenylcyclopropenone in alopecia areata International journal of dermatology, venereology and leprosy sciences · 2021
    21. Severe pustular lesions induced by topical immunotherapy with squaric acid dibutylester for alopecia totalis Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy · 2019 · 1 citations
    22. Treatment of Alopecia Areata With Topical Sensitizers Dermatitis · 2015 · 15 citations
    23. Case Report: Multimodal contact immunotherapy in alopecia areata: long-term clinical experience in the JAK inhibitor era Frontiers in Medicine · 2026
    24. Retrospektive Analyse von Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit, prognostischen Parametern und Faktoren der Lebensqualität bei der topischen Immuntherapie der Alopecia areata mit Diphenylcyclopropenon Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University) · 2021
    25. Topische Immuntherapie mit Diphenylcyclopropenon bei verschiedenen Typen der Alpecia areata: Assoziation zu klinischen Parametern und einem funktionellen Genpolymorphismus des Interleukin-6-Promotors Elektronische Hochschulschriften der LMU München (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München) · 2005
    26. Vitiliginous lesions during contact immunotherapy for alopecia in a patient with autoimmune thyroiditis Our Dermatology Online · 2014 · 2 citations
    27. Immune Microenvironment of Hair Follicles in Tumor Immunotherapy ImmunoTargets and Therapy · 2026
    28. Combination use of triamcinolone acetonide and immunotherapy as a new therapeutic option in alopecia totalis Trends in Immunotherapy · 2020
    29. A PROSPECTIVE CASE SERIES OF EYEBROWS ALOPECIA AREATA TREATMENT WITH 20% TCA APPLICATION ALONG WITH TOPICAL BIMATOPROST SOLUTION AT SHADAN INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES. GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS · 2023
    30. Immunotherapies Reactions Weekly · 2010