19 citations,
May 2020 in “American journal of men's health” Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.
166 citations,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
42 citations,
May 2007 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone can build muscle and bone without enlarging the prostate when a specific enzyme is blocked.
2 citations,
February 2021 in “Brain Research” Testosterone affects blood pressure control and inflammation in male rats with endotoxic shock, and blocking certain hormones may help treat it.
5 citations,
January 2020 in “in Vivo” Testosterone changes important cell communication proteins in pregnant rats' uteruses, which might affect pregnancy success.
6 citations,
July 2018 in “Steroids” Testosterone changes how certain channels work in male rat reproductive tracts, affecting fertility-related fluid balance.
57 citations,
December 2018 in “JAMA Surgery” Hormone treatment for transgender patients may not need to be stopped before surgery, but more research is needed, especially on estrogen.
50 citations,
April 2010 in “Biology direct” Low androgen levels might delay prostate cancer but could lead to more aggressive, therapy-resistant cancers.
10 citations,
October 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Finasteride doesn't affect oral testosterone undecanoate, and high DHT levels may cause acne, prostate issues, and hair loss.
37 citations,
May 2018 in “Transgender health” Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.
35 citations,
October 2011 in “Medicine and science in sports and exercise” Muscles can make their own androgens, which may help muscle growth.
51 citations,
November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Beard cells, unlike scalp cells, produce growth factors in response to testosterone, which may explain differences in hair growth.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
December 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Targeting CXCL12 may help treat hair loss caused by androgens.
4 citations,
January 2015 in “Endocrinology & metabolic syndrome” Testosterone can cause acne and male-pattern baldness, affects hair growth in men and women, and makes male skin more sensitive.
29 citations,
December 1998 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” New treatments for hair loss show promise, especially finasteride for men and a stronger minoxidil formula.
53 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androgens like testosterone affect hair growth and oil production differently across body parts and individuals.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
37 citations,
April 2013 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” Genetic and environmental factors, like smoking and exercise, affect male hair loss.
166 citations,
March 2007 in “Hypertension” High androgen levels in young women with PCOS are linked to higher blood pressure.
4 citations,
May 2019 in “Biology open” Testosterone reduces heart damage and inflammation after injury.
13 citations,
July 2018 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Thyroid hormones and androgens affect gene expression in frog reproductive organs differently between males and females.
2 citations,
April 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Brassica oleracea extract, glucosinlates, and sulforaphane can boost hair growth and might be used to treat hair loss.
21 citations,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
June 2021 in “Archives of Advances in Biosciences” Finasteride reduces sperm count and quality and alters hormone levels in mice.
60 citations,
July 2018 in “Circulation” Low testosterone can cause a heart rhythm problem in men, but fixing it can prevent the issue.
2 citations,
January 2011 in “Andrologia” Flutamide and a new synthetic steroid affected brain and prostate chemicals and showed potential for treating androgen-related conditions and epilepsy.
2 citations,
March 2004 in “Reviews in Gynaecological Practice” Hormonal changes and psychological issues can cause sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Behavioral therapy is recommended first, with hormone replacement helping some symptoms but not libido. Testosterone can improve libido, but its effects on overall sexual function are unclear. Emotional and relationship issues should be addressed before using medication, and the benefits and risks of testosterone supplementation should be considered.
19 citations,
October 2017 in “The FASEB Journal” Male hormones cause different growth in identical human hair follicles due to their unique epigenetic characteristics.