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Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.

Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.

Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.

Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.

Stump-tailed macaque best for researching hair loss causes and treatments.

A specific metabolite, not a receptor protein, triggers the production of certain kidney enzymes, but this process is disrupted in mice with a mutation causing testicular feminization.

The study concludes that a genetic mutation in TFM mice leads to reduced androgen receptor activity, affecting the body's response to male hormones.

Androgens, like testosterone, are crucial for early testicular descent in rats.

Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, affecting sexual development.

Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause different levels of androgen insensitivity, making it hard to create simple tests for the condition.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.

Understanding how androgens work is key for creating new treatments for prostate issues and hair/skin conditions.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

E211 G>A gene linked to lower risk of severe prostate cancer and hair loss.

The balance between androgen receptor and p53 is crucial for sebaceous gland differentiation.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Finasteride effectively treats hair loss and enlarged prostate in men, with mild side effects.

Male hormones, particularly DHT, are linked to male pattern hair loss, and treatments like finasteride can help, but they don't work for postmenopausal women's hair loss, which may have different causes.

Finasteride shows promise for treating hair loss and excessive hair growth, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safety.

We need better ways to test and understand SARMs to make safer and more effective treatments.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

The conclusion is that adult males with muscle weakness and hormonal imbalances should be tested for Kennedy's disease.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.

Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are important for skin problems in women with PCOS.