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High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.

High doses of finasteride cause cell growth and tumors in mice.

Male androgenetic alopecia involves hair follicle miniaturization due to DHT, with potential treatments using inhibitors and blockers.

This review found an increasing trend in research on sperm DNA fragmentation over the past 20 years, especially focusing on lifestyle factors, asthenozoospermia, and varicocele, with the TUNEL technique as a predominant method.

Both terazosin and baclofen effectively reduce pain in young men with chronic testicular pain, with no difference in their effectiveness.

This paper proposes a theory explaining how the normal anabolic effects of androgens lead to structural changes and hair follicle miniaturization, contributing to androgenic alopecia.

In this study, researchers found that both minoxidil and finasteride, commonly used for treating androgenetic alopecia, pose risks to male reproductive health due to their endocrine-disrupting effects and impact on testicular morphology and function, suggesting the need for further research into their reproductive safety.

In this study, D-004 did not affect androgen-dependent development in rats exposed in utero, while finasteride caused significant changes in male offspring's androgen-dependent tissues.

In this study, the aqueous extract from Phthirusa pyrifolia leaves significantly decreased testosterone levels in male Wistar rats without causing liver or kidney damage, suggesting potential effects on libido and reproduction.

This review discusses the sexual side effects of medical and surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia, such as erectile dysfunction and changes in ejaculation, but presents no new clinical findings.

In this study, researchers observed that testicular 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency in an inbred Arab population in Israel leads to genital ambiguity at birth and progressive virilization after puberty.

This study observed that chemically-induced intersex frogs displayed altered brain mRNA profiles, with finasteride increasing certain hormone-related gene expressions and fadrozole reducing aromatase activity without affecting gene transcript levels.

This study found that among patients over 45 with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia, those with androgenic alopecia had worse symptoms and higher testosterone levels than those without baldness.

Flutamide-induced hypospadias in rats slows down early wound healing.

This study suggests that many men with premature balding exhibit a hormonal pattern similar to some aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome in women.

In this study, adolescent male acne patients with normal serum testosterone showed improved outcomes with finasteride plus lifestyle intervention, significantly reducing DHT and free testosterone levels and improving SHBG levels, with minimal adverse effects.

In this study, females with 5 alpha-reductase-2 deficiency exhibited decreased body hair, normal sebum production, and delayed menarche, suggesting a role for DHT in hair growth and menstrual function.

This study found that men with androgenic alopecia had significantly higher levels of certain urinary steroid metabolites, suggesting increased 5 alpha-reductase activity and possible mild hyperadrenal activity.

This study found that testosterone therapy in trans men increased facial and body hair growth while the prevalence and severity of acne peaked at 6 months but were primarily mild after long-term treatment.

This study found that finasteride significantly reduced serum dihydrotestosterone levels, confirming its efficacy as a 5a-reductase inhibitor, while Permixon showed no effect in healthy male volunteers.

In this study, researchers found that pregnant mice exposed to excessive androgen led to thinner ventricular walls and cardiac hypertrophy in offspring, suggesting that prenatal androgen exposure adversely affects cardiac health through reduced cardiomyocyte proliferation.

Lowering 3α,5α-THP in the hippocampus increases anxiety and depression in proestrous rats.

In this study, finasteride treatment for two years did not significantly reverse miniaturized hair follicles in men with male pattern hair loss, challenging the "reversal hypothesis" as 79 out of 113 miniaturized hairs remained unchanged.

This study found that administering a supraphysiological dose of testosterone to female rats significantly reduced estrogen and progesterone levels, disrupted sex steroid receptor expression, and interfered with the embryonic implantation window, indicating potential implications for androgen-related endometrial conditions.

This study found that male volunteers with baldness had significantly decreased levels of gonadotropin hormones LH and FSH compared to healthy men, suggesting potential treatment targets for androgenetic alopecia.

Stopping finasteride can improve sperm count in infertile men.

This study found that long-term finasteride therapy in men with BPH worsened erectile dysfunction and reduced testosterone levels, while these effects were not observed with tamsulosin.

This study found that male liver cirrhosis patients have higher estradiol levels and lower dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, leading to hormonal imbalances favoring estradiol, but without changing sex hormone-binding globulin's binding properties.

This study investigated the effects of Akkermansia muciniphila on testosterone-induced hair growth inhibition in mice, finding that both live and pasteurized forms significantly encouraged hair growth and increased hair follicle size and growth factor levels compared to testosterone treatment alone.