February 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” EGFR is essential for organized skin nerve growth and branching.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study reports that oxytocin receptor expression in keratinocytes shows a potential relationship with touch sensory neurons, suggesting a role in skin sensitivity and the broader function of sensory neurons.
66 citations
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July 2007 in “Journal of Molecular Medicine” This study in mice demonstrated that stress or nerve growth factor injection increases sensory neuron activity related to skin innervation, suggesting a strong connection between stress perception and neurogenic skin inflammation.
January 2024 in “Archives of pharmacy practice” This study reviews the embryological origins, anatomical and histological structure, and key functions of the skin, emphasizing its protective, sensory, and regulatory roles, as well as the social and psychological impacts of post-lesion changes.
5 citations
,
September 2015 in “PLoS ONE” This study demonstrated that Gelfoam® histoculture supports extensive growth of both hair shafts and sensory nerves from isolated mouse whisker follicles over prolonged periods.
16 citations
,
December 2006 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” This review discusses the multifaceted roles of hair follicles in skin health, including potential contributions to skin neoplasias, and reports no new results.
124 citations
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December 2016 in “Pharmaceuticals” This review discusses the functions and potential therapeutic targeting of TRP ion channels in the skin, noting their involvement in both physiological processes and various pathological conditions, but reports no new experimental results.
29 citations
,
February 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” This study found that Merkel cell clusters require Frizzled6 signaling for their polarity information, while other hair follicle-associated structures align their orientation based on the hair follicle itself.
September 2017 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open” This report describes six patients experiencing significant relief from migraine symptoms after undergoing hair transplantation.
7 citations
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July 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study demonstrated that human skin can be efficiently reinnervated using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cells, promoting skin vitality and sensory reinnervation comparable to physiological conditions.
28 citations
,
March 2016 in “Toxicologic pathology” This review discusses the function and pathology of hair follicles and highlights the potential of using dogs as a model to study human hair and stem cell disorders, but presents no new experimental results.
68 citations
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May 2013 in “The American journal of medicine” This report documents two cases of severe systemic poisoning from heavy metals after short-term use of traditional Chinese medicines for treating damaged or infected tissue.
71 citations
,
February 2020 in “Journal of Translational Medicine” This article reviews current strategies and advancements in regenerating skin appendages and sensory nerves in tissue-engineered skin, highlighting the challenge of restoring skin sensations like pain, temperature, and touch to improve patients’ quality of life.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “Annual review of cell and developmental biology” This review discusses the roles of peripheral nerves in stem cell and immune responses within the skin and hematopoietic system, emphasizing their potential in developing new therapies; it reports no new experimental results.
39 citations
,
March 2022 in “Nature Protocols” This study describes a protocol for generating hair-bearing skin organoids from human pluripotent stem cells, achieving full complexity resembling fetal skin tissue by day 130 in vitro.
5 citations
,
July 2022 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” This study found histopathological evidence of hypertrophy in nerve endings that may explain the cutaneous neurosensory symptoms in some long COVID-19 patients.
September 2025 in “Toxins” Botulinum toxins show promise in treating various conditions, but more research is needed for hair and scalp disorders.
101 citations
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January 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This review discusses neural mechanisms involved in hair growth control, focusing on piloneural interactions, but reports no clinical findings; the authors suggest further exploration for managing hair growth disorders.
March 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” In a mouse model study, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) significantly reduced depigmentation in vitiligo, potentially through mechanisms that regulate oxidative stress and inflammation, indicating taVNS's promise as a therapeutic approach for this skin disorder.
January 2019 in “Headache” This source discusses the use of nerve blocks as potential treatments for head and neck neuralgias and primary headaches, highlighting their effectiveness and various applications, including during intervals between onabotulinum toxin A injections.
96 citations
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October 2000 in “The FASEB Journal” In this study, researchers found that p75 neurotrophin receptor signaling affects apoptosis during hair follicle regression in mice, and altering its activity might help manage disorders involving early catagen entry.
This review reports that hair follicles are dynamic neuro-immuno-endocrine organs with intrinsic signaling pathways, which play a crucial role in hair disorders like alopecia. It highlights emerging regenerative approaches targeting these pathways for hair restoration.
January 2024 in “Wiadomości Lekarskie” This source reports that clinical trials using advanced Deep Brain Stimulation systems, augmented with AI to integrate kinematic data, eye tracking, and cognitive assessments, show promise in improving diagnostic accuracy and monitoring symptoms for patients with Parkinson's disease.
50 citations
,
April 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review discusses neuroimmune communication in skin disorders and peripheral neuropathic pain, highlighting the complex interactions between sensory neurons and immune cells; it reports no new clinical results but suggests potential future therapies.
122 citations
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June 1998 in “PubMed” This study found that sensory and sympathetic innervation in the mystacial pads of mice is governed by a balance of neurotrophin signaling, highlighting the roles of NGF/trkA and NT-3/trkC pathways.
65 citations
,
September 2010 in “Journal of the Neurological Sciences” This article discusses Kennedy's disease, detailing its genetic cause, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria, but reports no new clinical findings and highlights a lack of causal therapy.
25 citations
,
January 2015 in “World journal of stem cells” This review discusses the potential of hair follicle stem cells as a novel source for cell therapy in neurodegenerative disorders, but it reports no new clinical results.
99 citations
,
January 2004 in “Progress in brain research” This review examines the role of neurotrophins in hair follicle development and remodeling, highlighting potential therapeutic applications for hair growth disorders, but it reports no new empirical findings.
December 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This review highlights that disturbances in neuroimmune communication, particularly between sympathetic nerves and macrophages, may contribute to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes, and suggests potential therapeutic avenues by restoring this communication in preclinical and early clinical studies.
22 citations
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August 1999 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study found that subcutaneous injections of guanethidine or 6-hydroxydopamine induced premature hair growth in mice, suggesting a role for sympathetic nerves in hair growth control.