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    Macrophages as Central Mediators of Sympathetic Neuro-Immune Interplay in Autoimmunity

    December 2025 in “ Frontiers in Immunology
    Elke M. Muntjewerff, Vijay Sai Josyula, Franziska Lehmair, Gustaf Christoffersson
    Studysummary This review highlights that disturbances in neuroimmune communication, particularly between sympathetic nerves and macrophages, may contribute to autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes, and suggests potential therapeutic avenues by restoring this communication in preclinical and early clinical studies.
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    Research cited in this study 3

    1. Psychological Stress-Induced Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata: Autoimmune and Apoptotic Pathways International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    2. Norepinephrine Regulates Keratinocyte Proliferation to Promote the Growth of Hair Follicles Cells tissues organs · 2016
    3. Inhibition of Hair Growth by Subcutaneous Injection of a Sympathetic Neurotoxin, 6-Hydroxydopamine in Neonatal Mice Anatomy and Embryology · 1995