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This review discusses the pathways of androgen biosynthesis and reports no new findings, highlighting the need to understand the interplay between the classic and backdoor pathways.

This study identified novel isoforms of the PADI2 and PADI3 proteins, showing that PADI2β inhibits oligodendrocyte differentiation, possibly by opposing the effect of canonical PADI2, while PADI3β modulates the activity of PADI3α, suggesting new regulatory mechanisms of citrullination in tissue development.

This study found cell-specific variations in POMC mRNA and peptide expression in murine skin, suggesting that PC1 and PC2 convertases contribute to differential POMC processing.

This study highlights that insulin resistance is a key pathological feature for individuals with PCOS, particularly those with obesity, affecting the response of specialized cells and leading to increased inflammation, regardless of Body Mass Index differences within the PCOS population.

This review suggests systemic changes in polycystic ovary syndrome may increase the risk of neurodegeneration, potentially linking it to Alzheimer's disease through common pathways affecting tryptophan metabolism.

This review discusses oxidative stress's role in polycystic ovary syndrome and examines various biomarkers to understand its impact on the disorder's pathogenesis, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that using a combination of genotypic and primarily phenotypic reanalysis significantly enhances the accuracy of molecular diagnoses in patients suspected of having monogenic diabetes.

This study reports the preparation of a key intermediate for finasteride and epristeride with a 69% overall yield from pregnenolone acetate.

This review discusses the multifunctional role of PKM2 in promoting cardiac repair and regeneration, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular medicine, but reports no new experimental results.

In this study using data from young women in West Bengal, India, the researchers identified that leptin signaling impairment, insulin resistance, and specific gene mutations significantly contribute to PCOS, with obesity commonly manifesting in affected individuals.

This study reports that a collagen scaffold with p-Coumaric acid showed promising wound-healing effects in diabetic wound models by enhancing tissue regeneration and balancing collagen turnover.

This infographic reviews the pathophysiology and complications of PCOS, illustrating how genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development, and highlights associated metabolic and neuroendocrine effects.

This study concludes that dietary L-serine supplementation shows promise as a long-term therapy for hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1, reducing neurotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipid levels and improving symptoms in severe cases.

This study suggests that chronic treatment with TPA in mouse skin selectively expands a keratinocyte subpopulation hyperinducible for ODC, which may be a key target for neoplastic transformation.

This study reported that progesterone reduces cell death in hippocampal cultures following oxygen–glucose deprivation mainly through its conversion to allopregnanolone and the involvement of GABAA receptors.

In this study, all stereoisomers of cyoctol were synthesized and tested, revealing that contrary to initial patent claims, cyoctol does not function as an anti-androgen.

This study found that while most adolescents with PCOS do not show overt diabetes, over half have insulin resistance, and ethnicity is a significant predictor of type 2 diabetes.

This review discusses the proposed shift from PCOS to PMOS, emphasizing a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and management, but reports no new clinical results.

This study identified ISPP-Rb, a novel immuno-stimulatory complex from Royoporus badius, that significantly activates murine macrophage cells and induces multiple proinflammatory cytokines.

This study identified seven potential enzyme inhibitors from a Polygonum cuspidatum extract using ultrafiltration combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. These compounds showed inhibitory activity against tyrosinase, α-glucosidase, and xanthine oxidase, with most discovered in this extract for the first time.

This article reviews the polycystic ovary syndrome as a polyendocrine disease, detailing its etiology, pathogenesis, and research methods, but presents no new clinical results.

This study showed that regulation of adipose androgen generation via AKR1C3 may contribute to a cycle of hyperinsulinaemia and lipid accumulation in women with PCOS.

This study found that the GPRC6A-Duox1 signaling pathway influences hair cycle progression and testosterone-mediated hair loss in mice, suggesting that disruption of this pathway leads to resistance against testosterone-induced hair loss and longer anagen phase duration.

This study extended a skin diffusion model to include a porous pathway, effectively explaining the permeability of both polar and lipophilic solutes through the stratum corneum.

This study found that combining fructose and DHT in rats successfully mimicked the clinical phenotypes of non-lean PCOS, providing a novel rodent model for this condition.

This study identified rhamnose as a compound that promotes hair growth by enhancing glycolysis and stimulating hair follicle regeneration, highlighting its potential use in alopecia treatment through animal and human organ culture models.

This study found that in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, xanthine oxidase activity is a useful marker for oxidative stress and is positively correlated with inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease risk factors.

This study suggests that dysfunctions and altered expression of aquaporins may play a role in PCOS-related disorders, potentially impacting folliculogenesis and integrating with the insulin-dependent hypothesis of PCOS pathogenesis.

This study found that among young women in West Bengal, India, co-occurring PCOS and related conditions like estrogen resistance and leptin receptor insufficiency are common, with notable genetic variations identified, including impairments in leptin signaling and insulin resistance.