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This chapter reviews the causes and underlying steroid pathways of hirsutism and virilization in women, detailing relevant conditions and laboratory assays without reporting new clinical results.

Small hormonal imbalances can cause significant health problems, so more sensitive testing for hormone-disrupting chemicals is needed.

This review discusses the lack of explicit theoretical foundations in empirical studies on transgender men and emphasizes the need for bioethical frameworks to guide decision-making.

This review summarizes best practices for diagnosing and managing PCOS, emphasizing accurate biochemical assessments and individualized treatment approaches, but reports no new clinical results.

This review examines the potential role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and highlights the growing interest in this area; it reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the dual role of apoptotic vesicles in disease and therapy, emphasizing their potential in cancer treatment and tissue regeneration, but reports no new results.

This study explored the spatial variation of THFD in cashmere goats and identified four genes associated with it, offering insights that could aid in the development of THFD genes for these animals.

This review highlights the significant risks posed by mercury to the endocrine system, including disruptions in hormone synthesis and regulation, stress response, and potential reproductive dysfunction, while noting the need for further research on dose-response relationships and long-term impacts.

This study found that women with PCOS had significantly higher levels of the pro-inflammatory chemokine MIP-1α compared to controls, suggesting an association with low-grade chronic inflammation, though the increase in MIP-1β levels did not reach statistical significance.

This study identified three main ethical concerns regarding stem cell use from an Islamic perspective in Malaysia, focusing on embryonic stem cells, aesthetic applications, and therapeutic medicine.

This review discusses polycystic ovarian syndrome, particularly in Saudi Arabia, and metformin's use and mechanism in treating related infertility, without presenting new clinical findings.

In this study, researchers found that Hdac1 and Hdac2 are crucial for maintaining the quiescence and survival of dermal papilla cells in the hair follicle, regulating the hair cycle by controlling cell-cycle genes and Wnt signaling.

This review discusses various stem cell types, methods of obtaining them, their applications, and the potential use of exosomes, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that myo-inositol improved fertility and metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, including those undergoing in vitro fertilization, and reduced the risk of gestational diabetes.

This study reported that a combination of Myo-inositol and D-chiro-Inositol improved clinical and laboratory parameters in teenage girls with PCOS compared to a placebo.

This review examines the relationship between glycation, insulin resistance, and PCOS, discussing various treatments and highlighting M. oleifera and S. platensis as potential therapeutic agents, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that finasteride treatment of male rats led to changes in their male offspring's testicular gene expression, potentially affecting sperm function in response to odorant-like signals.

This study found that women with polycystic ovary syndrome in the Black Sea Region had higher levels of androgens, obesity, and insulin resistance, increasing their risk of metabolic syndrome compared to healthy women.

This study found that centrosome ablation in developing epidermis triggers cell surveillance pathways, resulting in thinner skin and halted hair follicle growth, while later stages of epidermal growth may operate independently of basal progenitor division orientation.

This review examines the use of natural remedies, including various herbs, for treating polycystic ovary syndrome, but reports no new clinical results.

This study in Tehran found that, after adjusting for confounders, women with PCOS had no different risk of non-pregnancy after assisted reproductive treatment compared to women without PCOS.

This study found no significant association between Helicobacter pylori infection and polycystic ovary syndrome in young women, suggesting more research is needed to explore a potential link.

In this case report, a patient experienced hair loss after a surgical procedure but did not encounter the same issue following a later surgery with similar anesthesia.

This review discusses the clinical implications of female androgen deficiency and evaluates treatment options, emphasizing the need for cautious use of replacement therapy in women with severe deficiency and matching symptoms.

This review covers cell transplantation methods for genitourinary reconstruction, discussing tissue sources and complications but presenting no new clinical findings.

This review highlights REV7's crucial roles in maintaining genome stability, its implication in several cancers, and its association with poor prognoses and treatment resistance, while also noting that REV7 suppression may improve chemotherapy sensitivity.

This review discusses the causes, symptoms, and management of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) without presenting new clinical results.

This study developed a new method to analyze Cantú syndrome mutations in KATP channels, finding that while Kir6.1 mutations increase sensitivity to potassium channel openers, SUR2B mutations show reduced sensitivity, but both result in marked hyperpolarization compared to wild-type channels under basal conditions.

This study found that in mice, knockout of Rac1 and Rac3 in keratinocytes led to reduced white adipose tissue and revealed Rac-dependent paracrine pathways affecting pre-adipocyte differentiation.

Finasteride may improve sperm count in subfertile men with low sperm count.