30 citations
,
March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” This review explores the significant impacts of hormonal changes within normal physiological ranges and suggests examining low-dose effects from chemicals disrupting hormonal activity; it presents no new clinical results.
7 citations
,
October 2003 in “Nonlinearity in Biology Toxicology Medicine” This review discusses attempts to confirm low-dose effects in rodent endocrine studies and reports no findings; variability in control groups hinders demonstrating weak effects.
51 citations
,
February 2004 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” This article analyzes various cases of weak or low-dose endocrine effects in laboratory animals and highlights challenges in data interpretation due to variability among controls, but reports no new experimental findings.
August 2026 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” This study found that individualized GAHT regimens, including microdosing, effectively improved gender congruence and quality of life for non-binary individuals, but some experienced a decrease in bone mineral density.
September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” This study found that administering a supraphysiological dose of testosterone to female rats significantly reduced estrogen and progesterone levels, disrupted sex steroid receptor expression, and interfered with the embryonic implantation window, indicating potential implications for androgen-related endometrial conditions.