14 citations,
January 2018 in “Advances in Clinical Chemistry” The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” High levels of fatty acids are linked to increased androgen production and inflammation in women with PCOS, which may affect IVF outcomes.
124 citations,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
8 citations,
March 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.
43 citations,
January 2016 in “International Journal of Andrology” Finasteride caused long-term sexual and non-sexual side effects in young men with hair loss.
10 citations,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.
28 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Neurology” Testosterone with finasteride improved muscle and bone health in men with spinal cord injury.
6 citations,
August 2018 in “BMJ open sport and exercise medicine” Resistance training might help with PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.
11 citations,
March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.
43 citations,
April 2011 in “AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism” Androgens increase muscle mass by promoting myoblast growth through ornithine decarboxylase.
34 citations,
December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
42 citations,
September 2012 in “PLoS ONE” Bezafibrate treatment improved skin and spleen health in aging mice but didn't extend lifespan.
36 citations,
October 2009 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Two new compounds were found to build bone and muscle without affecting reproductive organs and skin oil glands.
16 citations,
November 2021 in “Antioxidants” Managing oxidative stress might help treat low testosterone and related chronic diseases in aging men.
23 citations,
January 2016 in “Journal of Nanjing Medical University” Overweight women with PCOS are more likely to have excess male hormones.
14 citations,
May 2013 in “American Journal of Physiology-endocrinology and Metabolism” Removing myelin protein zero-like 3 in mice leads to better metabolism and resistance to obesity.
14 citations,
January 2008 in “Gene therapy” Gene therapy shows promise for enhancing physical traits but faces ethical, safety, and regulatory challenges.
10 citations,
January 2004 in “KARGER eBooks” Diagnosing PCOS in teenage girls is tricky and requires careful evaluation and management.
71 citations,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
15 citations,
October 2010 in “Archives of Toxicology” A yeast-based test can detect the steroid methyltestosterone in urine longer than traditional methods.
9 citations,
March 2019 in “European Journal of Sport Science” New signs like changes in blood markers, physical symptoms, and behavioral shifts may help detect hidden steroid use in athletes.
2 citations,
January 2011 in “Andrologia” Flutamide and a new synthetic steroid affected brain and prostate chemicals and showed potential for treating androgen-related conditions and epilepsy.
282 citations,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
19 citations,
April 2015 in “Stem Cells” Pro-IGF-II improves muscle repair in old mice.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Male pattern baldness may indicate arterial stiffness in transgender men on long-term testosterone therapy.
5 citations,
December 2005 in “Clinical Techniques in Equine Practice” Skin and hair changes in horses can indicate serious diseases, and recognizing these signs is important for treatment and management.
506 citations,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.