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The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are good at predicting excess hair growth.

Defective mitochondrial DNA replication causes aging symptoms and increased oxidative damage in mice.

Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.

Gene therapy shows promise for enhancing physical traits but faces ethical, safety, and regulatory challenges.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenage girls is tricky and requires careful evaluation and management.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

A yeast-based test can detect the steroid methyltestosterone in urine longer than traditional methods.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Bead-jet printing of stem cells improves muscle and hair regeneration.

Certain ESR1 gene variations may affect hormone levels and fat distribution in women with high male hormone levels.

Male pattern baldness may indicate arterial stiffness in transgender men on long-term testosterone therapy.

Certain mutations in the H6PD gene cause Cortisone Reductase Deficiency by affecting hormone production.

Hyperandrogenism increases heart disease risk in premenopausal women, but this risk is linked to obesity in postmenopausal women.

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

Researchers created a mouse model for Cushing's syndrome to study glucocorticoid excess and potential treatments.

Using anabolic androgenic steroids can cause serious, lasting health problems in many parts of the body.

Men with advanced liver disease and high oestrone and low testosterone levels have worse health outcomes.

Taking oral testosterone with or without dutasteride increases testosterone levels and could be an effective treatment for low testosterone.

Pharmacists should interpret lab data and perform physical exams to improve patient care.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

The conclusion suggests that PCOS may persist due to genetic traits that, while harmful for female fertility, could have provided survival and reproductive benefits to males.

We need better ways to test and understand SARMs to make safer and more effective treatments.

Testosterone is crucial for development, growth, and various body functions in mammals.

Chromium salts may help with insulin sensitivity in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm their overall effectiveness and safety.

Eating less can improve stem cell function and increase lifespan.

Pubertal acne is linked to hormonal changes, affects quality of life, and is treated similarly to adult acne.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

The document concludes that more research is needed to reduce frequent hospital visits, addiction medicine education improves with specific training, early breast cancer surgery findings are emerging, nipple smears are not very accurate, surgery for older melanoma patients doesn't extend life, a genetic condition in infants can often be treated with one drug, doctors are inconsistent with blood clot medication, a certain gene may protect against cell damage, muscle gene overexpression affects many other genes, and some mitochondrial genes are less active in mice with tumors.