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This study suggests that although the G972R variant of the IRS1 gene might increase AA excess risk in heterozygous carriers with CYP21 mutations, both variations play a limited role in PCOS development.

This study found that mutations in type I IRS keratin genes disrupt keratin protein complexes in mice, suggesting crucial roles for these genes in proper hair coat formation.

In this study, significant differences in the expression of type I IRS keratin genes were observed in the groins of three sheep breeds during wool growth, related to hair follicle density.

This review examines the development, pathogenesis, and effects of insulin resistance, highlighting its connections to numerous health conditions, without presenting new research findings.

This study found that Cutl1 mutant mice experienced retarded lung differentiation and abnormal hair follicle morphogenesis, indicating the vital role of CDP in lung development and hair follicle cell-lineage specification.

This review discusses hair keratins and hair follicle-specific epithelial keratins and their association with inherited hair disorders, reporting no new clinical results.

This study describes the expression patterns of type I inner root sheath keratin proteins K25–K28 in human hair follicles, highlighting their distinct distribution within different layers.

This study characterized a new human keratin, hK6irs1, specifically found in the inner root sheath of hair follicles, which suggests its role in the structural integrity and guidance of growing hair shafts.

Wnt-10b helps skin cells and hair grow.

In this study, researchers found that overexpression of the hairless protein in Hr mutant mice disrupts inner root sheath formation by downregulating Dlx3 and associated keratins in hair follicle development.

This study analyzes the fine structure and protein distribution in monotreme hairs, finding similarities with other mammals and detailing unique immunocytochemical features in their inner root sheaths.

This study found that older age and obesity are predictors of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance syndrome among infertile Vietnamese women with PCOS.

This study found that higher Lnk expression in PCOS patients may contribute to insulin resistance by inhibiting insulin signaling pathways.

This study found a significant association between the IRS-2 gene variant and an increased risk of PCOS, especially in non-obese women in the Chinese population from Taiwan.

This study demonstrates the potential of infrared spectral imaging to assess hair follicle structures and heparan sulfate proteoglycan distribution across different phases of the hair growth cycle, offering promise for alopecia research.

This study found that DNA methylation changes in granulosa cells from PCOS patients affect gene expression related to insulin resistance, fat cell differentiation, and steroid metabolism, suggesting an epigenetic contribution to PCOS pathogenesis.

This study found that anagen hairs require less force to be extracted than telogen hairs in an in vitro pig skin model, indicating different anchorage mechanisms.

This study observed in mouse skin that trichohyalin granules in hair follicles transform into filamentous structures as inner root sheath cells differentiate and cornify.

This study concluded that the inner root sheath inhibits the expression of certain differentiation markers in hair bulbs, with calcium-induced changes paralleling those seen in hair follicle mid-segments.

This study suggests that nerve growth factor may support hair follicle growth in Liaoning cashmere goats through pathways involving its receptor, TrkA, particularly during the anagen phase.

This study uncovered that bimatoprost, a prostaglandin analog, promotes hair growth by activating hair follicle progenitor cells through two pathways: the PTGFR-MAPK signaling axis and an unexpected IGF1R-PCAD-AKT signaling axis, suggesting new potential targets for treating hair disorders.

This study generated a transcriptomic map of human hair follicles, identifying compartment-specific gene expression profiles that can aid in developing targeted therapies for hair follicle disorders.

This study used infrared spectral imaging to show for the first time the distribution of glypican-4 and glypican-6 in hair follicles across different growth phases, highlighting the potential of this technique for studying alopecia.

In this study, insulin resistance was observed at similar rates in non-obese women with idiopathic hirsutism, those with PCOS, and healthy controls.

Junctional proteins stabilize the inner root sheath and connect the companion layer in human hair.

This study found that premature desquamation of the inner root sheath is a non-specific histologic feature in scarring alopecia and cannot be used alone to define central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia.

This study suggests that the structure and function of the inner root sheath in mammalian hair may have evolved from simpler forms seen in monotremes, aiding in hair exit without damaging the epidermis.

This review suggests that the inner root sheath of human hair follicles may have broader regulatory roles beyond structural support, potentially impacting processes like folliculogenesis, anagen phase regulation, and immunomodulation.

This study analyzed inner root sheath-specific genes in Tan sheep during various growth stages, finding peak expression at birth. The pattern of genes KRT71, KRT72, and TCHH is consistent with wool crimp, potentially influencing wool morphology.

This study produced and characterized four new monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognize differentiation antigens in human hair follicle and epidermal structures.