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Alopecia areata is caused by an immune response, and targeting immune cells might help treat it.

This review discusses the role of immune privilege collapse in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, emphasizing the potential for therapeutic manipulation of hair bulb immune privilege to offer new treatment options, and reports no new results.

This review examines the interaction between the extracellular matrix and immune cells in skin diseases and evaluates advanced therapies that target involved molecular mechanisms, reporting no new clinical findings.

This study describes and characterizes four cases of alopecia areata induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer patients, highlighting the importance of recognizing and managing these hair-related adverse events.

This study found that biallelic mutations in the TTC7A gene affect lymphocyte and gut epithelial cell function, thereby contributing to the development of inflammatory bowel disease in patients.

This case report describes an HIV-infected patient on HAART who developed autoimmune diseases, including alopecia universalis and Graves' disease, associated with immune restoration after CD4 cell count increases.

This study found distinct gene expression profiles in alopecia areata-affected skin, suggesting T-cell mediated immune responses and unique gene profiles between different stages of the disease.

This study highlights cases of alopecia areata that developed during anti-TNF-α therapy, suggesting a potential link or increased frequency, particularly among individuals with a personal or family history of autoimmune diseases.

This study suggests that cultured hair follicle dermal sheath cup cells exhibit immune privilege properties, partly through the expression of PD-L1, which impacts co-cultured immune cells' behavior.

This review discusses how immune mechanisms contribute to the regeneration and repair of epithelial tissues and highlights their potential role in both disease and therapeutic innovation; it reports no new clinical results.

This review examines biological reasons for sex-based differences in COVID-19 outcomes, noting that females exhibit stronger immune responses, potentially explaining lower severity and mortality compared to males.

This review examines the literature on autoimmune hair loss disorders, highlighting the collapse of immune privilege and the potential role of neurogenic stress in this process, but reports no new clinical results.

This paper explores the complex immune processes and cellular diversity that enable the skin to heal and resist invasion, and highlights its potential as a model for studying regeneration.

This review explores the potential impact of nutrition on immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases and evaluates whether dietary changes could help in treatment planning, but it presents no new clinical outcomes.

This study reports that in primary cicatricial alopecias, increased expression of certain immune markers in the hair-follicle bulge suggests a collapse of immune privilege, which may contribute to follicle destruction.

This article reviews the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide in maintaining immune privilege in hair follicles and does not report new findings; the authors propose it as essential for immune homeostasis in alopecia areata.

In this study, cyclosporin effectively controlled cases of granulomatous folliculitis, furunculosis, sebaceous adenitis in cats, and alopecia areata in a dog, positioning it as a promising alternative to glucocorticoids in veterinary dermatology.

This review discusses the role of the immune niche in hair follicle regeneration and its impact on different forms of alopecia, highlighting research gaps and potential therapeutic strategies.

Vitiligo is caused by the immune system attacking skin pigment cells.

This review discusses the role of immune cells in mammalian hair cycle control and highlights their potential relevance to human hair cycling disorders, reporting no new clinical findings.

This study identified somatostatin as a potential secretory factor contributing to the immune privilege of human hair follicles.

In this study, researchers found that impaired cholesterol biosynthesis in hair follicles may trigger an inflammatory immune response linked to primary cicatricial alopecia, providing new insights into the disorder's pathogenesis.

This study developed a technique to limit genetic recombination to regulatory T cells to investigate whether self-tolerance is maintained in non-lymphoid tissues, an area previously not well understood.

This study found that skin exposure to toluene diisocyanate in mice creates immune-recognition reservoirs in the skin's stratum corneum and hair follicles, potentially leading to sensitization and allergic reactions.

This article argues that human scalp hair follicles could serve as a surrogate model for studying immune privilege in the human eye, offering a novel approach for ocular IP research.

This study provided the first proteome dataset for alopecia areata, revealing novel pathways in the disease mechanisms that may lead to new therapeutic targets.

Finasteride reduces inflammation and improves immune response after trauma by altering hormone levels.

This review discusses the role of sex hormones in COVID-19 severity and reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest further research for gender-based personalized treatment options.

This review discusses the role of gut microbiota in autoimmune and immune-mediated dermatological conditions like lupus and psoriasis, but reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize the need for further study into microbial signatures and treatments.