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Scientists have improved 3D models of human skin for research and medical uses, but still face challenges in perfectly replicating real skin.

The BUZZ gene is important for root hair growth and overall root structure in the plant Brachypodium distachyon.

Men and women respond differently to drugs for COVID-19, high cholesterol, and diabetes, which suggests a need for personalized treatments.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

The document concludes that inflammation markers can be used in diabetes, vitamin D3 affects immune pathways, hyperthyroidism changes hormone levels, androgen levels help diagnose Adrenocortical Carcinoma, erectile dysfunction is linked to diabetes, hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected males, and hormones can be biomarkers for various conditions.

Adult acne is often related to hormonal disorders, especially in women, and may need long-term treatment involving specialists.

Some lesser-known causes of PCOS include autoimmune issues, genetic mutations, and changes in the body's microbiome.

The 2015 Hair Research Congress concluded that stem cells, maraviroc, and simvastatin could potentially treat Alopecia Areata, topical minoxidil, finasteride, and steroids could treat Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, and PTGDR2 antagonists could also treat alopecia. They also found that low-level light therapy could help with hair loss, a robotic device could assist in hair extraction, and nutrition could aid hair growth. They suggested that Alopecia Areata is an inflammatory disorder, not a single disease, indicating a need for personalized treatments.

Certain genes are linked to type 1 and type 2 diabetes in kids, and changes in these genes can also cause other diabetes-related conditions.

Hair proteins in preschool children and their mothers could indicate developmental changes and health status.

The circadian clock plays a key role in hair growth and its disruption can affect hair regeneration.

Genes related to calcium signaling and lipid metabolism are important for curly hair in Mangalitza pigs.

Certain surgical methods are better than routine incision for hidradenitis suppurativa, topical clindamycin and acitretin are effective treatments, men with HS have a risk of skin cancer, HS patients are more likely to die from heart problems, and specific genetic markers are linked to treatment response.

A gene mutation in mice causes permanent hair loss and skin issues.

Six new hair loss factors in men not linked to female hair loss.

MC4R gene variants not linked to female hair loss.

Mutations in three genes cause Uncombable Hair Syndrome, leading to frizzy hair that can't be combed flat.

A rare genetic disease causes sparse hair and early blindness due to a gene mutation.

Biotin supplements significantly improved a young girl's uncombable hair.

Reduced AR gene methylation may cause early pubic hair growth in girls.

Hedgehog signaling is crucial for mammary gland development over hair follicles.

LEF1 is essential for the development of airway glands and is regulated by the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Notch-related genes play a key role in the development and cycling of hair follicles.

The conclusion is that individual differences in COVID-19 severity are influenced by factors like age, sex, race, and genetics, which are important for personalized medicine.

Nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic condition that can cause early puberty and fertility problems, treated with specific steroids.

Finasteride affects alcohol intake in male mice, possibly due to neurosteroids.

FGF-1 causes spiral ganglion neurites to branch more.

Sonic hedgehog proteins may help grow hair.

More research is needed to find effective treatments for sickle cell disease-related priapism.