Genetics of Diabetes in Childhood

The 2002 document "Genetics of Diabetes in Childhood" explored the genetic factors linked to type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children. The study found that type 1 diabetes was associated with polymorphisms in the CTLA4 gene and the IL-12p40 gene, and the insulin gene's transcription levels in the human thymus were connected to allelic variation at the INS VNTR-IDDM2 susceptibility locus. For type 2 diabetes, a significant susceptibility locus was identified on chromosome 2. The paper also discussed maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), linked to mutations in several genes, including the hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha gene and the glucokinase gene on chromosome 7p. Other conditions associated with diabetes, like transient neonatal diabetes mellitus and Alstrom syndrome, were also examined.