July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
108 citations,
February 2013 in “JAMA” Transgender treatment includes hormones and surgery, but long-term effects are unknown and counseling is needed.
1 citations,
June 2023 in “Reproduction” Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.
July 2021 in “Advances in laboratory medicine” Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.
29 citations,
March 2017 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapies like birth control pills and spironolactone are safe and effective for treating women's adult acne.
30 citations,
January 2019 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The study concluded that both anti-Mullerian hormone and LH/FSH ratio are higher in women with PCOS and combining these markers with BMI could improve diagnosis accuracy.
23 citations,
August 2005 in “Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy” New treatments for low male hormones improved sexual function and mood but had unclear risks, especially for older men.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
4 citations,
May 2022 in “BMC Women's Health” High levels of anti-Müllerian hormone can indicate polycystic ovarian syndrome in women who can have babies.
May 2024 in “Journal of drug delivery and therapeutics” Women with PCOS have higher oxidative stress and hormone imbalances, suggesting managing oxidative stress could help.
49 citations,
May 2018 in “Endocrine” Women with regular menstrual cycles and PCOS have linked kisspeptin and LH hormone patterns, unlike those with irregular cycles.
25 citations,
September 2014 in “Pharmacotherapy” Hormone therapy can improve mental health and quality of life for people with gender dysphoria, but long-term effects need more research.
June 2021 in “Archives of Advances in Biosciences” Finasteride reduces sperm count and quality and alters hormone levels in mice.
Resveratrol improved hormone levels, menstrual cycles, hair loss, and ovarian function in PCOS patients.
25 citations,
March 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.
2 citations,
March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small hormonal imbalances can cause significant health problems, so more sensitive testing for hormone-disrupting chemicals is needed.
February 2024 in “Endocrinology and Disorders” Balanced hormones are crucial for women's health, and can be managed with lifestyle changes or hormone therapy if needed.
May 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.
August 2022 in “Journal of Contemporary medical practice” Combining Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine can improve symptoms, hormone levels, and pregnancy outcomes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome patients, but more research is needed.
72 citations,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
18 citations,
June 2009 in “Journal of Molecular Endocrinology” Finasteride exposure harms tadpole reproduction and hormone balance.
11 citations,
April 2018 in “Nutrition Research” Chromium supplements don't help with weight loss or improve hormone and metabolism issues in people with polycystic ovary syndrome.
5 citations,
October 2018 in “Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis” Women with PCOS who have high male hormone levels often also have insulin resistance.
1 citations,
April 2024 in “Archives of disease in childhood” Many children and teens referred to gender services receive hormone treatments, but more research is needed on their long-term care and outcomes.
18 citations,
April 2016 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.
6 citations,
November 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” New oral testosterone formulations show potential for safer, effective hormone replacement in men with low testosterone.
2 citations,
January 2015 in “Springer eBooks” Environmental factors and exposure to toxins may contribute to male infertility by affecting sperm and hormone function.
1 citations,
November 1996 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in causing acne, and treatments like hormone control pills and hormone-blocking medications can help.
November 2023 in “Curēus” Melatonin may help manage PCOS by improving insulin sensitivity, hormone balance, and mood.