Role of Environmental Factors and Gonadotoxin Exposure in Unexplained Male Infertility

The document from 2015 examines the role of environmental factors and gonadotoxin exposure in unexplained male infertility (UMI), suggesting that these factors may disrupt spermatogenesis and male reproductive health at various developmental stages. It identifies harmful substances such as cigarette smoke, pesticides, herbicides, industrial chemicals, and lifestyle factors like obesity and alcohol consumption as contributors to hormonal dysfunction, testicular dysfunction, and impaired sperm function. The document also discusses the potential for transgenerational effects through epigenetic changes and emphasizes the importance of antioxidants in improving fertility parameters. It notes that while assisted reproductive technologies (ART) can help men with fertility problems, they do not address the underlying causes of infertility, highlighting the need for further research to understand and mitigate the impact of environmental exposures on reproductive health. The document does not specify the number of participants in the studies it references.