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This study provides evidence that five Hyp-O-GALT genes are crucial for AGP galactosylation and that AGP glycans are vital for various aspects of plant growth and development.

This study found that keratin-75, discovered in enamel tissue, is secreted by ameloblasts using an unconventional pathway involving the ER-Golgi-Intermediate-Compartment and Golgi, differing from typical cytokeratin localization.

This study found that treatment with mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles enhanced hair growth in mice and stimulated dermal papilla cell activity and growth factor production in vitro.

This review discusses the mechanisms and engineering techniques for enhancing the targeted delivery of extracellular vesicles in therapies but reports no new clinical findings; the authors encourage further exploration to advance clinical applications.

This review discusses the role of extracellular vesicles from specific skin cells in wound healing, emphasizing their potential in regenerative medicine and reporting no new experimental results.

This review highlights the potential of extracellular vesicles derived from medicinal plants as therapeutics for diseases such as cancer and inflammation, suggesting they may enhance the clinical use of herbal preparations, despite the challenges posed by extract complexity and individual variability.

This review discusses the isolation, characterization, and potential clinical applications of tissue-derived extracellular vesicles in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, noting their significance but highlighting the risks and need for appropriate protocols.

In this study, disruptions in phospholipase A2 activity in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly impaired the plasma membrane localization of PIN proteins, affecting auxin transport and root development.

This study found that in Arabidopsis seedlings, tonoplast intrinsic proteins are targeted to the vacuole via at least two pathways, including pathways with differing sensitivity to a chemical inhibitor that affect root hair growth and PIN2 targeting.

This study found that the ARL15 gene affects adipocyte differentiation and adiponectin secretion, and suggests that ARL15 haploinsufficiency may predispose individuals to lipodystrophy.

This study found that macrophage extracellular vesicles enriched with Wnt proteins significantly promoted hair follicle growth in mice and increased hair shaft size in human hair follicles, suggesting potential clinical use for treating hair loss.

In this study, IFN-γ-stimulated iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles improved atopic dermatitis in mice by reducing Th2 cytokine activity, suppressing inflammation, and restoring skin barrier function, as evidenced by decreased itching and inflammatory markers.

This review discusses the potential of extracellular vesicles as cell-free tools in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, noting their emerging role in promoting tissue repair without the risk of host rejection.

This review discusses the role of extracellular vesicles in bone regeneration and their potential as therapeutics, highlighting challenges like standardization and safety for clinical application, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses using extracellular vesicles as less invasive surrogates for assessing drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters, suggesting potential advancements in precision therapy, but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that human mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote the proliferation and migration of hair follicle cells and increase hair shaft elongation in cultured human hair follicles.

This review discusses the roles of extracellular vesicles in skin health and disease and reports no clinical results; the authors highlight potential therapeutic uses and call for more research.

This review summarizes a 15-year collaboration on the role of synaptic-like vesicles in mechanosensory nerve terminals and suggests potential therapeutic implications for conditions like hypertension and muscle spasticity.

This study identifies specific molecular components involved in the intracellular trafficking of LGR5, revealing mechanisms that differ from typical GPCR recycling processes.

This review explores current strategies to enhance extracellular vesicle-based delivery of CRISPR/Cas systems, addressing efficiency challenges and suggesting future directions to bridge gene editing technologies with clinical applications.

This study identified ABCB6 as the first gene linked to dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) in a large Chinese family, suggesting it plays a role in skin pigmentation.

This review discusses the potential of adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles (ADSC-EVs) in skin regeneration, highlighting mechanisms like inflammation and angiogenesis, but reports no new clinical results; challenges and future prospects are also considered.

This review highlights the diverse roles of melanocytes in pigmentation, immunity, and hearing among other functions, their involvement in disorders, and their emerging potential in regenerative medicine, including applications in disease modeling and therapy development using advanced technologies.

This study found that iron availability influences root hair growth under phosphate starvation by affecting auxin distribution, phosphate starvation-responsive genes, and vesicle trafficking.

This study found that long-term exposure to high pH extends root hair elongation by altering actin filament arrangements and vesicle trafficking, but disrupting ADF8/11 function shortens root hairs by affecting these processes.

This study identified the AtPRPL1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana as being involved in cell elongation processes, despite unclear changes in cell wall composition from its altered expression.

This review outlines the factors controlling root hair growth in plants, emphasizing the coordinated roles of cellular and extracellular components, without reporting new experimental results.

In this study, researchers found that syntaxin 9, a novel syntaxin family member, interacts specifically with the epidermal growth factor receptor and may influence its transport and signaling in some epithelial cells.

This study reviews the role of exosomes in regenerative aesthetics, highlighting their potential in treating conditions like photoaging and wound healing through mechanisms like matrix remodeling and immunomodulation, while also noting advancements in exosome isolation techniques and regulatory considerations.

This review discusses the application of liposomes in dermatology, highlighting their therapeutic value for drug stabilization, skin penetration enhancement, and treatment of hair follicle-associated disorders, but reports no new clinical results.