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Nanotechnology is improving drug delivery and targeting, with promising applications in cancer treatment, gene therapy, and cosmetics, but challenges remain in ensuring precise delivery and safety.

Hormone therapy may increase migraines in transgender women and decrease them in transgender men; more research is needed on migraine management in transgender individuals.

Sublingual minoxidil safely promotes hair growth.

Propylene glycol and ethanol increase finasteride skin absorption, sodium lauryl sulfate doesn't.

Dermal papilla microtissues could be useful for initial hair growth drug testing.

Serum formulations were better at delivering molecules to the hair bulb than nanoparticles.

Ethosomes are a promising way to deliver drugs through the skin.

Scientists successfully created and analyzed the structure of a part of the human androgen receptor with specific modulators and a peptide to understand how it binds differently in various tissues.

Removing the outer skin layer increases drug absorption and offers non-invasive treatment options, with some methods allowing for quick skin recovery.

The polyherbal emulgel created for hair care was safe, had good qualities, and could lead to future hair care products.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex condition that affects women's mental, reproductive, and metabolic health throughout their lives.

Niosomes are a promising, stable, and cost-effective drug delivery system with potential for improved targeting and safety.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

The document concludes that follicular unit transplantation offers more natural results and better graft survival than older hair transplant methods.

Microneedle technology has improved drug delivery and patient comfort but needs more research for broader use.

The document concludes with guidance for doctors on diagnosing and treating hirsutism effectively and safely.

Optimized film improves finasteride skin absorption and treatment efficiency.

Taking oral testosterone with finasteride or dutasteride doubles testosterone levels, and food slightly affects it.

Pre-operative hormone treatment for hypospadias surgery might improve outcomes, but more research is needed to confirm.

Mechanical forces are crucial for shaping cells and forming tissues during development.

Lipid nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin, offering stability, controlled release, and better compatibility with skin.

Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.

Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.

Lecithin organogels could be good for applying drugs to the skin because they are stable, safe, and can improve drug absorption.

The document concludes that developing generic topical drugs requires ensuring they match the original in quality, composition, and structure, and often involves complex testing and regulatory steps.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.

Conditioned media from mesenchymal stem cell cultures could be a more effective alternative for regenerative therapies, but more research is needed.

Nanocarrier-loaded gels improve drug delivery for cancer, skin conditions, and hair loss.

Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.