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Glossary EGFR inhibitors

block cell growth signals to treat certain cancers

EGFR inhibitors, also known as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor inhibitors, are a class of drugs that block the activity of the EGFR, a protein on the surface of cells that helps them grow and divide. By inhibiting this receptor, these drugs can slow down or stop the growth of certain types of cancer cells that rely on EGFR for proliferation. They are commonly used in the treatment of cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer.

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research The incidence and management of cutaneous adverse events of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors

18 citations , January 2017 in “Postępy Dermatologii i Alergologii”

This review discusses the adverse skin effects of EGFR inhibitors used in cancer treatment, exploring their mechanisms and offering strategies for prevention and management, but reports no new experimental findings.

research 546 Epidermal growth factor receptor as a key regulator of the immune privilege

November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study implicates EGFR as a critical regulator of immune privilege and stem cell quiescence in hair follicles, suggesting a link between EGFR inhibition and inflammation-driven hair loss during cancer therapy.

research Cutaneous Drug Eruptions Associated with the Use of New Oncological Drugs

29 citations , January 2012 in “Chemical immunology/Fortschritte der Allergielehre/Progress in allergy/Chemical immunology and allergy”

This review discusses the various skin, mucosa, and adnexa side effects associated with different chemotherapeutic agents and provides insights into their clinical presentation and management; it reports no new results.

research When bugs and drugs conspire: driving acneiform skin toxicity

1 citations , February 2020 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation”

This study elucidates a mechanism for acne-like skin toxicity caused by EGFR/MEK inhibitors, involving an interaction with skin bacteria to trigger inflammation, which supports existing antibiotic treatment practices.

research Epidermal Growth Factor Induces Proliferation of Hair Follicle-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mediated Activation of ERK and AKT Signaling Pathways Associated with Upregulation of Cyclin D1 and Downregulation of p16

83 citations , October 2016 in “Stem Cells and Development”

This study found that epidermal growth factor significantly enhances the proliferation of hair follicle-derived mesenchymal stem cells through the EGFR/ERK and AKT pathways, without involving the STAT3 pathway.

research 329 Mechanisms of Cutaneous Adverse Events during Targeted Cancer Therapy

November 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study explores how EGFR signaling impacts skin inflammation and follicular integrity during hair eruption, aiming to identify druggable pathways to mitigate skin inflammation in cancer patients receiving EGFR inhibitors.

research Rash from EGFR inhibitors: Opportunities and challenges for palliation

18 citations , July 2008 in “Current Oncology Reports”

EGFR cancer drugs often cause a rash, which can lead to distress and isolation, but may also improve outcomes for some cancer patients. Current treatments for the rash are limited, but a compound called menadione shows promise.

Hydroxychloroquine Modulates the Progression of Experimentally Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats via Targeting EGFR/ERK/STAT3 and AR/FOXO1/TRAIL Pathways: Computational and In Vivo Studies

research Hydroxychloroquine modulates the progression of experimentally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats via targeting EGFR/ERK/STAT3 and AR/FOXO1/TRAIL pathways: computational and in vivo studies

1 citations , June 2025 in “Scientific Reports”

In this study on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats, hydroxychloroquine significantly reduced prostate-related markers and enhanced therapeutic effects when combined with finasteride, suggesting potential as a new treatment approach.

research Scarring hair follicle destruction is driven by the collapse of EGFR-protected JAK-STAT1-sensitive stem cell immune privilege

October 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

This study demonstrated that disrupting EGFR signaling in mice leads to immune sensitivity compromising the hair follicle's protective environment, but JAK1/2 inhibition can restore this immune privilege and stimulate hair growth, suggesting a potential therapy for scarring hair loss diseases like cicatricial alopecia.

research Hair eruption initiates and commensal skin microbiota aggravate adverse events of anti-EGFR therapy

41 citations , December 2019 in “Science Translational Medicine”

This study found that EGFR-targeted cancer therapy can cause skin toxicities by disrupting epidermal signaling, allowing microbiota invasion and inflammation, but identified a potential treatment approach using FGF7 or SOS expression to restore barrier integrity.

research IL-36γ drives skin toxicity induced by EGFR/MEK inhibition and commensal Cutibacterium acnes

32 citations , December 2019 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation”

This study found that EGFR and MEK inhibitors may induce acneiform skin toxicities by interacting with the skin bacterium Cutibacterium acnes to increase IL-36γ and IL-8 production in keratinocytes.

Clinical Management of Cutaneous Adverse Events in Patients on Targeted Anticancer Therapies and Immunotherapies: A National Consensus Statement by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology

research Clinical management of cutaneous adverse events in patients on targeted anticancer therapies and immunotherapies: a national consensus statement by the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology

26 citations , October 2018 in “Clinical & Translational Oncology”

This review outlines dermatological toxicities associated with targeted cancer therapies and immunotherapies, emphasizing the need for collaborative management by oncologists and dermatologists but reports no new clinical findings.

research Advances in the Management of Cutaneous Toxicities of Targeted Therapies

42 citations , April 2012 in “Seminars in Oncology”

This review discusses the skin side effects associated with targeted cancer therapies and reports no new clinical results; it emphasizes the need for empirical management based on expert opinion.

research Dermatologic adverse events associated with chemotherapy and targeted anticancer therapy

4 citations , January 2016 in “Dermatology Review”

This review focuses on the various skin toxicities caused by chemotherapeutic and targeted tumor therapy drugs, including rashes, keratoacanthoma, and more severe conditions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, without presenting new clinical results.

research Cutaneous Adverse Events of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Endocrine Tumors: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Management Strategies

December 2025 in “Biomedicines”

This source reviews the common skin-related side effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in treating endocrine cancers and emphasizes that proactive, multidisciplinary management can effectively control these adverse events without compromising cancer treatment efficacy.

research Dermatologic Side Effects of Systemic Targeted Anticancer Therapy

January 2018 in “Springer eBooks”

This chapter reviews the skin side effects associated with targeted cancer therapies and emphasizes the importance of collaboration between oncologists and dermatologists without reporting new results.

research JAK-STAT1 as therapeutic target for EGFR deficiency-associated inflammation and scarring alopecia

8 citations , November 2024 in “EMBO Molecular Medicine”

In this study, researchers found that disrupting EGFR signaling in mice led to increased inflammation and hair follicle damage but that inhibiting the JAK-STAT1 pathway could restore hair growth and skin function.

research 870 Y27632 promotes proliferation via EGFR signaling in a newly isolated and characterized human primary sebocyte cell line

April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study developed an Asian human sebocyte cell line from breast skin tissue that can be used for sebaceous gland biology investigations, showing that Y27632 may promote cell growth through EGFR-CRAF-MEK-ERK and AKT pathways.

research Chemotherapy-induced iatrogenic injury of skin: New drugs and new concepts

19 citations , October 2011 in “Clinics in Dermatology”

This review discusses the cutaneous side effects of chemotherapy, noting that they frequently involve changes to skin, hair, and nails, and reports no new results.

research Management of Toxicities of Targeted Therapies

2 citations , January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Targeted therapies for lung cancer are effective but require careful management of side effects to benefit patients.

research Continuous MEK inhibition by AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) results in exhaustion of the cutaneous keratinocytic stem cell pool and resembles senescence driven skin aging

2 citations , May 2008 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology”

This study found that patients with unresectable melanoma treated with AZD6244 experienced skin reactions, including depigmentation and papulopustular rashes, in patterns similar to those caused by EGFR inhibitors.

research Regulation and Role of GLI1 in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis

6 citations , December 2019 in “Frontiers in genetics”

In this study, animal model observations suggested that GLI1 expression may reduce cSCC initiation but is not involved in the tumor's aggressiveness.

research TCDD-induced activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates the skin stem cell population

9 citations , January 2015 in “Medical hypotheses”

This report suggests that TCDD may alter human epidermal stem cell populations by upregulating c-Myc, potentially leading to increased stem cell turnover during chloracne development.

research Erlotinib-Induced Skin Inflammation Is IL-1 Mediated in KC-Tie2 Mice and Human Skin Organ Culture

15 citations , October 2014 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

This study suggests that erlotinib exacerbates inflammation in a mouse model of skin disease and that IL-1 inhibition could mitigate skin-related side effects of EGFR inhibitors.

research Novel acquisitions on the immunoprotective roles of the EGF receptor in the skin

19 citations , October 2008 in “Expert Review of Dermatology”

This article reviews the role of EGFR in human skin, focusing on the skin-related side effects of anti-EGFR cancer therapies, and reports no new clinical results.

research Pathogenesis and management of TRPV3-related Olmsted syndrome

December 2024 in “Frontiers in Genetics”

This review discusses the genetic causes and pathogenesis of Olmsted syndrome, emphasizing the potential for a genotype-phenotype correlation due to TRPV3 mutations, and explores avenues for individualized treatment developments for this condition.

research Basal cell carcinoma — molecular biology and potential new therapies

146 citations , February 2012 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation”

This review discusses the role of Hedgehog signaling in basal cell carcinoma development and highlights genetic mouse models and potential targeted therapies, but reports no new clinical results.

research Mathematical Modeling and Inference of Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cell Signaling Pathways

3 citations , September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This review examines how mathematical modeling of the MAPK pathway, enhanced by single-cell proteomic data, improves understanding of regulatory mechanisms, predicts system behavior, and guides experimental research, emphasizing recent developments in modeling and inference.

research Piperonylic Acid Promotes Hair Growth by Activation of EGFR and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

5 citations , October 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This study observed that piperonylic acid activated key signaling pathways in dermal papilla cells and increased hair growth markers, and a clinical trial showed users of a piperonylic acid formulation had more hair than those using a placebo, suggesting its potential for treating hair loss.

Protopanaxatriol Type Ginsenoside Re Promotes Cyclic Growth of Hair Follicles via Inhibiting Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling Cascades

research Protopanaxatirol type ginsenoside Re promotes cyclic growth of hair follicles via inhibiting transforming growth factor β signaling cascades

14 citations , January 2016 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

In this study, researchers found that ginsenoside Re from Panax ginseng increased hair shaft length and duration in mice, comparable to minoxidil, by modulating TGF-β signaling pathways.