Mathematical Modeling and Inference of Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cell Signaling Pathways

The review examines mathematical modeling of the MAPK pathway, crucial for cellular processes like differentiation and proliferation. It highlights the use of dynamic models and single-cell proteomic data to understand regulatory mechanisms and predict system behavior, focusing on the Ras–Raf–MEK–ERK module and pathway crosstalk. The document emphasizes the role of feedback loops, phosphorylation reactions, and EGFR oligomerization in signal modulation. It discusses the integration of multi-omics data and the use of deterministic and stochastic models to understand feedback regulation and crosstalk. The research aims to provide insights into MAPK signaling adaptability, particularly for targeted cancer therapies, while addressing challenges in analyzing large-scale data and constructing mechanistic models.