Dermatologic Adverse Events Associated With Chemotherapy and Targeted Anticancer Therapy

Chemotherapeutic agents and targeted anticancer therapies were associated with various dermatologic adverse events, including toxic cutaneous reactions, papulopustular rash, and generalized maculopapular rash. EGFR inhibitors caused skin changes in 44–74% of patients, while CTLA4 inhibitors like ipilimumab led to rashes in 40–64% of patients. BRAF and MEK inhibitors for melanoma treatment also resulted in skin rashes and keratinocyte proliferation, leading to lesions. Vismodegib, a hedgehog pathway inhibitor, caused reversible alopecia and dysgeusia. Common side effects included hand-foot skin reaction and serious conditions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome. These adverse effects also impacted nails and hair, with treatment varying based on severity, sometimes requiring therapy modification or discontinuation.