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Smad1 and Smad5 are essential for hair follicle development and stem cell sleepiness.

Bleaching hair damages protein structure, especially keratin, leading to weakened hair.

Antler velvet hair and body hair of red deer have different structures that help with protection and insulation.

Some mutant mice have hair with abnormal cross-linking, mainly in the cuticle, not affecting other hair parts.

The African spiny mouse heals skin without scarring due to different protein activity compared to the common house mouse, which heals with scarring.

Recombinant keratins can form useful structures for medical applications, overcoming natural keratin limitations.

Hair's structure and properties change with pH; acidic pH maintains strength and less swelling, while alkaline pH increases water content and swelling.

Bioengineered salivary glands in mice can produce saliva when tasting sour or bitter, but have different protein levels and nerve signals compared to natural glands.

Higher p63 and CD34 levels found in specific scalp areas may affect hair loss progression.

The Wnt signaling pathway is not a major factor in the development of keratoacanthoma, a type of skin tumor.

Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.

Keratin 18 helps diagnose and predict cancer progression and affects cancer growth and spread.

MSC-protein helps regenerate gum tissue and bone.

Different light affects cell functions and can help treat skin conditions.

Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.

Biologicals are increasingly used in medicine and cosmetics, especially for skin and hair treatments, but more research is needed.

Mesenchymal stem cells from fat tissue may effectively treat hair loss and help regrow hair.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

Potassium channel openers could help treat cardiovascular diseases and asthma but require better targeting to specific tissues for effective use.

FFA's causes may include environmental triggers and genetic factors.

Different types of androgens bind differently to two receptors, AR1 and AR2, in Atlantic croaker's brain and ovarian tissues, suggesting these receptors may control different androgen actions in fish.

The document concludes that while there are promising methods to control CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, more research is needed to overcome challenges related to safety and effectiveness for clinical use.

Injecting a special gel with human protein particles can help hair grow.

Hyaluronic acid-based HA2 hydrogel helps heal skin wounds better with less scarring.

Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.

Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.

The new chemotherapy combination of WP 631 and Epothilone B shows enhanced effectiveness against ovarian cancer but requires more research on its safety.

New protein changes may be involved in the immune attack on hair follicles in alopecia areata.

Stromal Vascular Fraction might help with male sexual dysfunction, but more research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.