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The reconstructed skin model from hair follicles functions like human skin in processing chemicals and can be used to test ingredient safety.

Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.

The same genetic mutation in Sjögren-Larsson syndrome can lead to different levels of severity, suggesting other factors influence the symptoms.

Research on epidermal stem cells has advanced significantly, showing promise for improved clinical therapies.

The review found that different stem cell types in the skin are crucial for repair and could help treat skin diseases and cancer.

Certain human skin cells marked by CD44 and ALDH are rich in stem cells capable of long-term skin renewal.

Cobalt is important for health but too much or too little can cause health problems, and its environmental buildup is a concern.

Finasteride and methadone don't increase advanced liver disease risk in HCV+ male veterans.

The document concludes that understanding sulfation biology is crucial for creating treatments due to its importance in biological functions and disease.

Different enzymes are active in different parts of developing mouse organs.

Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Estrogen affects how vitamin A is processed in mouse skin, which may impact acne treatment, hair growth, and skin defense.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

New probes were created to effectively measure specific enzymes involved in fat metabolism, which could help develop new drugs.

Drug metabolism affects how long a drug works, its interactions, activation, and toxicity, and is influenced by genetics, diet, illness, and other drugs.

Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

Mouse skin can produce and process serotonin, with variations depending on hair cycle, body location, and mouse strain.

Enzymes involved in Vitamin A metabolism affect hair growth and type in mice.

Maintaining the right amount of retinoic acid is crucial for healthy hair and skin.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

Ozone reacts more with unwashed hair, producing compounds due to scalp oils, which could lower ozone exposure but increase exposure to reaction products.

The study developed a tool to predict how gut microbes process foods and drugs, showing that similar compounds often share metabolic pathways and effects.

Oxidative stress may worsen female pattern hair loss and could help track the disease and treatment.

Vitamin A affects hair loss and immune response in alopecia areata.

Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.

Male pattern baldness involves smaller hair follicles, larger oil glands, and other tissue changes, but not major blood supply issues.

The document concludes that research on sulfatase inhibitors should continue due to their potential in treating various diseases, despite some clinical trial failures.

Minoxidil slows down skin cell growth and may help treat scars and skin conditions.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.