23 citations,
June 2014 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Glyoxylic acid is a safer alternative to formaldehyde for hair straightening and effectively changes hair structure.
40 citations,
June 2013 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Brazilian keratin treatments can straighten hair but may contain harmful formaldehyde.
13 citations,
March 2017 in “Skin Research and Technology” Formaldehyde damages curly hair more than glyoxylic acid.
2 citations,
May 2022 in “International Journal of Trichology” Brazilian Keratin Treatment can cause skin reactions like redness and scaling, possibly due to formaldehyde.
2 citations,
January 2019 in “Applied clinical research, clinical trials and regulatory affairs” Different countries have regulations to ensure the safety of hair care products, with some recalling hair straighteners due to high formaldehyde.