Phyllanthus Emblica Extract-Loaded Transfersomes for Hair Follicle Targeting: Phytoconstituents, Characterization, and Hair Growth Promotion

The study investigated the use of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (PE) fruit powder extract, specifically the aqueous extract, for promoting hair growth. The PE 30% ethanolic extract had higher antioxidant activity and total phenolic content than the PE aqueous extract, but also higher cytotoxicity. The major component of the PE aqueous extract was found to be gallic acid. This extract, at a non-toxic concentration (10 µg/mL), promoted various growth factors comparable to 1% minoxidil. PE-loaded transfersomes were prepared to deliver the PE aqueous extract to the hair follicle, with a particle size of 228 nm and polydispersity index of 0.25. After 3 months of storage, the particle size at 4°C and 30°C was comparable to its initial size, but increased at 40°C. The transfersomes showed better penetration and accumulation in hair follicles than a solution. Therefore, PE-loaded transfersomes are a promising delivery system for hair follicle targeting to promote hair growth.