Dermal White Adipose Tissue: Development and Impact on Hair Follicles, Skin Defense, and Fibrosis

September 2024 in “ The FASEB Journal ”

Yujie Peng, S. Cheong, Feng Lu, Yunfan He

dermal white adipose tissue DWAT hair follicles skin defense fibrosis subcutaneous white adipose tissue SWAT hair cycles signaling pathways Staphylococcus aureus anti-inflammatory responses extracellular matrix remodeling wound healing alopecia systemic sclerosis

TLDR Dermal white adipose tissue helps regulate hair growth, protect skin, and aid wound healing.

The document examines the development and significance of dermal white adipose tissue (DWAT) in relation to hair follicles, skin defense, and fibrosis. DWAT, distinct from subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT), is crucial for regulating hair cycles and maintaining skin integrity. It interacts with hair follicles, influencing their cycles through signaling pathways and promoting hair growth. DWAT also provides antibacterial protection, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, and plays a role in anti-inflammatory responses and extracellular matrix remodeling during wound healing. The study highlights DWAT's potential involvement in conditions like alopecia and its therapeutic potential in promoting wound healing and regulating fibrosis, especially in diabetic patients and conditions like systemic sclerosis. Further research is needed to fully understand DWAT's development and functions, particularly in humans.

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Research cited in this study

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research Dermal White Adipose Tissue Development and Metabolism: The Role of Transcription Factor Foxn1

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Foxn1 is important for fat development, metabolism, and wound healing in skin.

research Molecular and Spatial Landmarks of Early Mouse Skin Development

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The research maps the complex development of early mouse skin, identifying diverse cell types and their roles in forming skin layers and structures.

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Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

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Dermal adipose tissue in mice can change and revert to help with skin health.

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Targeting TGFβ can improve skin immunity in older people.

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30 citations , December 2018 in “Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Both immature and mature fat cells are important for hair growth cycles, with immature cells promoting growth and mature cells possibly inhibiting it.

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65 citations , January 2018 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology”

Skin fat has important roles in hair growth, skin repair, immune defense, and aging, and could be targeted for skin and hair treatments.

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408 citations , January 2017 in “Science”

Some wound-healing cells can turn into fat cells around new hair growth in mice.

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106 citations , October 2016 in “Cell Stem Cell”

PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.

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75 citations , October 2016 in “Genes & Development”

Cells in hair follicles help create fat cells in the skin by releasing a protein called Sonic Hedgehog.

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92 citations , September 2015 in “Journal of Lipid Research”

Skin fat helps with body temperature control and has other active roles in health.

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88 citations , August 2014 in “PLOS genetics”

Syndecan-1 is essential for maintaining skin fat and preventing cold stress.

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Skin fat cells help with skin balance, hair growth, and healing wounds.

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Epidermal Wnt/β-catenin signaling controls fat cell formation and hair growth.

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Two fibroblast types shape skin structure and repair differently.

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Fat-related cells are important for initiating hair growth.

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Hair stem cell regeneration is controlled by signals that can explain different hair growth patterns and baldness.

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Hair follicle stem cells are controlled by their surrounding environment.

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BMP receptor IA is essential for proper hair cell differentiation in mice.

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