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This study found that doxorubicin disrupts hair-follicle-associated blood vessels, which may contribute to hair follicle dystrophy and alopecia in mice, but hair-follicle stem cells remained unaffected.

This study found that CTHRC1 is crucial for sweat gland function and vascular network integrity in mice, and its administration improved sweat gland performance by reconstructing nearby blood vessels.

This study used digital-light-processing bioprinting to create a 3D skin-on-a-chip model with a miniaturized vascular network to closely study immune cell interactions similar to real human skin, demonstrating the potential to analyze immune-T cell trafficking influenced by skin signals.

This study explored the anti-hair loss potential of plant extracts like licorice, salvia miltiorrhiza, and others, finding they increased ALP and β-catenin expression and reduced TGF-β1 and IL-6 in human dermal papilla cells without cytotoxicity.

This study elucidated the multi-component and multi-target mechanisms by which TR and Am may provide therapeutic benefits for treating androgenetic alopecia.

This study identified melatonin as a potential treatment for rosacea and Alzheimer's disease, suggesting it may help by modulating inflammatory and vascular signaling pathways.

In this study, the alcoholic extract DN106212 from Centipeda minima was shown to be more effective in promoting hair growth in C57BL/6 mice compared to dimethyl sulfoxide and tofacitinib, suggesting its potential as a natural hair growth agent.

This review discusses strategies and advances in bioprinting for skin wound healing, concluding that bioprinting could offer promising solutions for skin regeneration despite existing challenges.

This study developed a directional pressure-pump hydrogel delivery platform that enhances wound healing in diabetic mechanically dynamic wounds by targeting antibacterial agents and nanozymes directly to the lesion site, disrupting biofilms, mitigating tissue damage, and supporting proper skin closure and vascular remodeling in animal models.

This review highlights recent advancements in the engineering of skin organoids using hydrogels, which improve their structural and functional fidelity by supporting the architecture and integration of vascular and neural components, promising to enhance regenerative medicine, drug discovery, and complex skin disorder studies.

This review discusses recent breakthroughs in 3D bioprinting for hair regeneration, highlighting developments like biomimetic dermal papilla spheroids and follicle organoids, but notes that clinical application is hindered by challenges in integrating vascular and nerve systems and managing hair-cycle dynamics.

This review found that 3D bioprinting significantly advances skin tissue engineering by enabling the creation of complex, patient-specific skin structures, though technological and regulatory challenges persist, particularly in areas like scalability and physiological mimicry.

This study found that mesenchymal stem cells sourced from hair follicle outer root sheath showed higher differentiation efficiency and angiogenic potential for vascular graft applications compared to adipose-derived stem cells.

This review examines emerging biomaterial strategies designed to support both neural regeneration and cutaneous wound healing, emphasizing their potential to improve sensory function through mechanisms like axonal regrowth and vascular network formation, while noting the need for standardized assessments and clinically translatable designs.

This study constructed a comprehensive atlas of prenatal human skin, revealing that innate immune cells, such as macrophages, play a crucial role in skin morphogenesis by interacting with non-immune cells, influencing hair follicle formation and angiogenesis beyond their traditional immune functions.

This study found that chitosan nanofibrillar scaffolds accelerated skin wound healing in mice by enhancing cell adhesion, proliferation, and regeneration of epidermis and dermis compared to other forms.

This study found that improved outcomes in scalp surgery were achieved by utilizing knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the scalp to avoid complications like unsightly scars and distorted hair patterns.

This study developed a vascularized full-thickness skin equivalent with a complex vascular network, enhancing its predictiveness for topical and systemic drug applications in dermatology research.

This review discusses the mechanisms and effects of dermabrasion for improving skin appearance and reports no new clinical results.

This study found that a prevascularized collagen fiber space improved hair generation compared to intracutaneous transplantation by providing a better microenvironment for transplanted cells.

In this study, the researchers found that transplanted hair follicles undergo significant morphological changes, including a thickened dermal sheath and increased hair shaft diameter, which are associated with altered follicular vascularization.

Androgens reduce hair growth by affecting cell differentiation and blood vessel formation.

This pilot study suggests that a new preparation of platelet-rich plasma gel may improve symptoms and tissue regeneration in patients with en coup de sabre scleroderma, though further trials are needed to clarify its role.

In this pilot study, combined platelet-rich plasma therapies showed potential benefits for improving skin elasticity and vascular network density in morphea patients, but the small sample size limits definitive conclusions.

This study developed 3D micropatterns with magnesium silicate nanospheres that mimic vessels and hair follicles for potential use in skin regeneration by reconstructing vasculature and promoting hair growth.

This research found that escin, when applied topically, enhances blood flow in human skin and promotes changes in endothelial cell signaling pathways, suggesting potential benefits for improving cutaneous microcirculation.

This study found that exosomes derived from dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSC-Exos) significantly promoted hair regrowth and follicle density in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia, showing similar efficacy to minoxidil by activating pathways that improve follicular vascularization and dermal papilla cell function.

In this study, D-OCT imaging revealed distinct structural and vascular changes in patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia, highlighting the technique's potential for diagnosing and monitoring the condition's activity.

This research reported that melatonin may serve as a potential treatment for both rosacea and Alzheimer's disease by regulating inflammation and vascular signaling pathways, demonstrating effectiveness in reducing symptoms associated with rosacea-like skin lesions in experimental settings.

This narrative literature review by LUSTRAO examines the complex biological mechanisms influencing hair growth and loss, highlighting that androgen signalling, while significant, works within a network involving regenerative, inflammatory, and vascular processes, without establishing it as the sole explanation for conditions like androgenetic alopecia.