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    Glossary Tyrosinase

    enzyme crucial for melanin production in skin and hair

    Tyrosinase is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of skin, hair, and eyes. It catalyzes the oxidation of tyrosine, an amino acid, into dopaquinone, which then undergoes further reactions to form melanin. This enzyme is significant in understanding conditions like albinism and vitiligo, where melanin production is affected.

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    1. Tyrosinase inhibition due to interaction of homocyst(e)ine with copper: the mechanism for reversible hypopigmentation in homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency. PubMed · 1995 · 74 citations
    2. Tyrosine kinase inhibition and grey hair The Lancet · 2003 · 59 citations
    3. Tyrosinase Depletion Prevents the Maturation of Melanosomes in the Mouse Hair Follicle PloS one · 2015 · 31 citations
    4. The antimycotic agent clotrimazole inhibits melanogenesis by accelerating ERK and PI3K-/Akt-mediated tyrosinase degradation Experimental Dermatology · 2015 · 15 citations
    5. Screening of Tyrosinase, Xanthine Oxidase, and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix by Ultrafiltration and HPLC Analysis Molecules · 2023 · 12 citations
    6. Biotransformation of Finasteride by Ocimum sanctum L., and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of transformed metabolites: Experimental and computational insights Steroids · 2014 · 3 citations
    7. Plant‐Derived Monomers for Grey Hair Reversal Through Upregulation of Melanogenesis and Tyrosinase Activity Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · 2025 · 1 citations
    8. Red pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract mud mask formulation and tyrosinase-inhibition activity test JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA · 2024
    9. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors – A Review on Pharmacology, Metabolism and Side Effects Current drug metabolism · 2009 · 508 citations
    10. Tyrosine Kinases in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases Frontiers in immunology · 2019 · 88 citations
    11. Unique Cutaneous Reaction to Second- and Third-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Dermatology · 2015 · 32 citations
    12. Adverse cutaneous reactions to the new second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (dasatinib, nilotinib) in chronic myeloid leukemia Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2013 · 25 citations
    13. Characterisation of an Ovine Keratin Associated Protein (KAP) Gene, Which Would Produce a Protein Rich in Glycine and Tyrosine, but Lacking in Cysteine Genes · 2019 · 24 citations
    14. Efficacy and safety of the oral Janus kinase 3/tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma family kinase inhibitor ritlecitinib over 24 months: integrated analysis of the ALLEGRO phase IIb/III and long-term phase III clinical studies in alopecia areata British Journal of Dermatology · 2024 · 23 citations
    15. A Case of Inflammatory Nonscarring Alopecia Associated With the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Nilotinib JAMA Dermatology · 2013 · 16 citations
    16. Expression Profiles of Tyrosine Kinases in Cultured Follicular Papilla Cells Versus Dermal Fibroblasts Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2004 · 11 citations
    17. Epitopes, avidity and IgG subclasses of tyrosine hydroxylase autoantibodies in vitiligo and alopecia areata patients British Journal of Dermatology · 2012 · 7 citations
    18. Repigmentation of leukoderma in a piebald patient associated with a novel c-KIT gene mutation, G592E, of the tyrosine kinase domain Journal of Dermatological Science · 2011 · 6 citations
    19. The microfibrillar proteins of human hair: Separation by high-performance liquid chromatography and isolation of some proteins enriched in glycine and tyrosine Analytical Biochemistry · 1987 · 2 citations
    20. 265 Modulation of disease-central cytokine pathways with TAK-279, a highly selective oral tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor, defines clinical response in patients with psoriasis Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2024 · 1 citations
    21. Mechanism of Hair Curling via Laccase-Assisted Tyrosine Grafting Using BSA as a Model Protein Journal of Natural Fibers · 2023 · 1 citations
    22. Tyrosine kinase Inhibitors in Dermatology: A Systemic Review Journal of dermatology and dermatitis · 2021 · 1 citations
    23. Deucravacitinib, an oral, selective, allosteric tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor, in patients with alopecia areata: efficacy and safety results of a phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial British Journal of Dermatology · 2026
    24. Cutaneous Adverse Events of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Endocrine Tumors: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Management Strategies Biomedicines · 2025
    25. Keratosis Pilaris-like Eruption during Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Literature Review and Report of a Case Related to Imatinib Journal of clinical medicine · 2023
    26. 27 Preclinical ex vivo and in vivo evidence supporting selective inhibition of tyrosine kinase 2-dependent, IL-12-mediated signaling as a novel pharmacological strategy for alopecia areata management 2023
    27. 014 Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibition Ameliorates the Phenotype of Lesional Alopecia Areata Scalp Skin Ex Vivo, and Reverses the Induction of Human Alopecia Areata in a Humanized Mouse Model 2022
    28. 700 Tyrosine kinase 2 inhibition rescues hair follicles from IL-12–mediated immune privilege collapse and reverses the induction of human alopecia areata in a humanized mouse model Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2022
    29. Mechanism of Laccase-assisted Tyrosine Grafting on Keratin using BSA as a Model Protein Authorea (Authorea) · 2021
    30. 061 Selective inhibition of tyrosine kinase 2 prevents and restores interleukin-12-induced hair follicle immune privilege collapse: a novel approach to alopecia areata therapy? Journal of Investigative Dermatology · 2021