June 2026 in “Virtual and Physical Prototyping” This study introduced a high-viscosity epoxy photoresist to enhance the fabrication of complex microstructures with monolithic integration and mechanical stability, enabling advancements in two-photon 3D printing for creating functional micro-mechanical devices.
This study reports that carbamazepine can self-assemble into stable channel structures without guest polymers, while griseofulvin relies on guest molecules for structural stability in drug-polymer inclusion complexes.
April 2026 in “SSRN Electronic Journal” 2 citations
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December 1994 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” In this study, the combination of biologically engineered hyaluronic acid and polyquaternium-10 improved hyaluronic acid's retention and moisturizing effects on hair by forming a stable complex that increased binding affinity to keratin.
November 2022 in “International journal of biology, pharmacy and allied sciences” In this study, the researchers formulated an herbal shampoo and found it exhibited excellent cleansing properties and foam stability, comparable to commercial shampoos, suggesting it as a safe and cost-effective alternative to marketed formulations.
3 citations
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January 1985 in “Drug development and industrial pharmacy” In this study, formulations of a typical lotion shampoo with ethanol or propylene glycol increased the in-vitro release rate of zinc pyrithione, an anti-dandruff agent.
This study evaluated amphiphilic self-assembling peptides as drug delivery systems and found they effectively ensured prolonged release and therapeutic efficacy for timolol in glaucoma and for chemotherapy agents in cancer treatment, with significant tumor size reduction observed in animal models.
August 2024 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” In this study, the researchers reported that minoxidil-loaded transfersomes using a cyclodextrin strategy significantly increased drug stability, skin permeation, and hair regrowth in a mouse model of androgenetic alopecia compared to traditional formulations and commercial tinctures.
February 2024 in “Current Drug Delivery” In this study, researchers developed an emulgel formulation containing minoxidil for hair growth, using chitosan and fucoidan as gelling agents, achieving controlled drug release with 99.7% released by the 12th hour.
2 citations
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January 2018 in “Biomolecules & therapeutics” This study found that polyamidoamine dendrimers can permeate skin's current conducting pores and alter the magnitude and direction of electroosmotic flow, affecting drug flux during iontophoresis.
December 2024 in “Animals” In this study, Tithonia diversifolia extract was found to improve certain digestive parameters in crossbred sheep but did not enhance growth performance, as the improvements in digestion did not translate into increased body weight or feed conversion.
September 2023 in “Jurnal MIPA (edisi elektronik)” This study formulated and evaluated the physical stability of hair tonic preparations using lime extract (Citrus aurantifolia) at varying concentrations. The researchers found that the tonics exhibited good physical stability, as indicated by meeting Indonesian National Standards, even after undergoing temperature cycling tests.
4 citations
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November 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that polyquaternium-68 at pH 9 achieved the greatest hair deposition, while polyquaternium-44 demonstrated the best wash resistance at pH 6.
November 2023 in “Materials Today Bio” In this study, researchers developed a novel temperature-sensitive biopolymer-based drug delivery system that enhanced the transdermal delivery of ISX9, a neurogenesis inducer, resulting in more effective hair follicle regrowth and signal pathway activation in vivo compared to traditional topical application.
October 2024 in “Applied Sciences” In this study, tubular 3D bioprinted structures made from sodium alginate and gelatin, containing NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells, demonstrated the ability for cell growth and network formation over 6 weeks, although structural tensile strength decreased with cell growth and polymer degradation.
30 citations
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November 2012 in “Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences” This study found that the keratin matrix in mammalian hard α-keratins is crucial for maintaining stiffness in water by controlling intermediate filament hydration.
3 citations
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November 2017 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that increasing the pH from 2.0 to 6.0 enhanced the binding of cationic solutes to hair keratin, driven primarily by hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications” In this research, topical gels using natural mucilages from okra and hibiscus were successfully formulated to deliver diclofenac diethylamine, with hibiscus mucilage at 10% showing the best performance as a gelling agent based on various physicochemical tests.
November 2023 in “Global journal of medical research” This study highlights the importance of understanding the rheological properties of hyaluronic acid fillers, including viscosity, cross-linking, and concentration, to optimize their use in addressing facial aging by maximizing clinical effects.
March 2023 in “JIIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina): ilmu farmasi dan kesehatan” This study concluded that the optimum biotin microemulsion hair tonic composition involves span 80 (20%), tween 80 (9.47%), and PEG 400 (5%), providing favorable viscosity and globule size.
143 citations
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January 2012 in “Cell and Tissue Research” 35 citations
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February 2024 in “Science Advances” This study introduces a magnet-assisted fabrication strategy for creating complex 3D soft bioscaffolds, demonstrating its effectiveness by producing structures with overhangs and supporting biohybrid actuators, promising advancements in biomedical applications.
February 2025 in “Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science” In this experimental study, the researchers developed and evaluated a hair tonic made from mangosteen peel extract, finding that all four tested formulations showed suitable physical characteristics and met standard requirements for attributes like pH, viscosity, and stability.
March 2026 in “Preprints.org” This review analyzed how the chirality of peptide building blocks affects their self-assembly into hydrogels, comparing structural and mechanical properties of homochiral and heterochiral peptides, and discussed potential biological applications of these peptide systems.
September 2018 in “Cosmetics” This study found that anisotropic osmolyte solutions may improve hair follicle turnover and condition in both in vitro and in silico models, as well as in human volunteers with hair disorders.
5 citations
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April 2024 in “Science China Materials”
December 2024 in “Media Farmasi Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi” In this study, the researchers developed an optimum liquid shampoo formula using chia plant components and found it to meet specific physical characteristics and stability requirements, with viscosity and foam height tested within acceptable ranges.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that hyaluronic acid increased the size and cell proliferation of mixed aggregates in a 3D culture model, indicating its role in human hair follicle germ-like structure formation without enhancing dermal papilla cell markers.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules”
This study found that varying the concentration of propylene glycol in katuk leaf extract hair tonic formulations significantly affects the viscosity, highlighting the importance of propylene glycol concentration in maintaining the physical characteristics of these preparations.