3 citations,
September 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” The cornified envelope is crucial for skin's barrier function and involves key proteins and genetic factors.
25 citations,
December 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Targeted cytokine treatments may help with alopecia areata, but more research is needed.
9 citations,
January 2018 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” A substance called poly(I:C) increases a protein called carbonic anhydrase II in skin cells, which might help with skin defense and healing.
176 citations,
November 2015 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.
24 citations,
September 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.
18 citations,
February 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” PGD2 increases androgen receptor activity in hair cells, which could be targeted to treat hair loss.
May 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Aging reduces skin cell renewal and defense against germs due to TGFbeta, but blocking TGFbeta could help restore these functions.
January 2018 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” The nucleus is key in controlling skin growth and repair by coordinating signals, gene regulators, and epigenetic changes.
223 citations,
September 2018 in “Rheumatology” JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.
11 citations,
May 2016 in “Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology” A substance called 15-deoxy prostaglandin J2 can cause hair follicle cells to die, which might explain how prostaglandin D2 can lead to hair loss.
13 citations,
October 2019 in “Journal of lasers in medical sciences” CO2 laser treatment for aging skin significantly changes immune system-related genes.
June 2024 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” TSLP affects atopic dermatitis by increasing sebum and reducing fat through IL-4/IL-13 signaling.
28 citations,
June 2021 in “Frontiers in immunology” A protein called lfTSLP is important in causing allergic and other skin diseases and could be a target for treatment.
2 citations,
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Frontal fibrosing alopecia shows increased inflammation and JAK-STAT pathway activity without reduced hair proteins.
1 citations,
May 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Fzd2 is important for skin and hair development through various signaling ways.
31 citations,
February 2014 in “Inflammation Research” Lower CD200R1 on certain immune cells is linked to more severe rheumatoid arthritis and immune imbalance.
29 citations,
March 2018 in “European Journal of Immunology” Regulatory T cells are essential for normal and improved wound healing in mice.
9 citations,
December 2017 in “The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” New targeted therapies for hair loss from alopecia areata show promise, with personalized treatment expected in the future.
January 2024 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” The study suggests that hypothyroidism may cause alopecia areata.
January 2020 in “Der Pharmacia Lettre” Nanoparticle-based herbal remedies could be promising for treating hair loss with fewer side effects and lower cost, but more research is needed.
June 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Different immune responses cause hair loss in scalp diseases, with unique patterns in scalp psoriasis possibly protecting against hair loss.
May 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Acne patients' skin, both with and without lesions, shows a strong immune response and higher antimicrobial activity.
98 citations,
December 2008 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.
May 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mint water extract boosts protective enzymes in skin cells.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Dupilumab helped a 4-year-old grow hair back after another treatment failed.
18 citations,
May 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Different parts of the body have unique immune characteristics in their skin.
February 2024 in “Veterinary sciences” Canine pemphigus foliaceus involves significant immune activity and shares similarities with human pemphigus.
January 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A specific enzyme is essential for proper hair follicle stem cell development and healthy skin.
June 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Tofacitinib regrew hair in a man with total hair loss but raised cytokine levels, needing more research on possible side effects.